महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-58

हेतुमच्चैतदुद्दिष्टमुपायाश्चास्य साधने ।
सिद्धेः फलं च मोक्षश्च दुःखस्य च विनिर्णयः ।
अतः परं सुखं त्वन्यत्किं नु स्याद्भरतर्षभ ॥५८॥

58. hetumaccaitaduddiṣṭamupāyāścāsya sādhane ,
siddheḥ phalaṁ ca mokṣaśca duḥkhasya ca vinirṇayaḥ ,
ataḥ paraṁ sukhaṁ tvanyatkiṁ nu syādbharatarṣabha.

58. hetumat ca etat uddiṣṭam upāyāḥ ca asya
sādhane siddheḥ phalam ca mokṣaḥ ca
duḥkhasya ca viniścayaḥ ataḥ param sukham
tu anyat kim nu syāt bharatarṣabha

58. This teaching is expounded with its rationale, along with the methods for its accomplishment. The fruit of perfection is liberation (mokṣa) and the decisive resolution of suffering. Therefore, O best of the Bhāratas, what other happiness could there possibly be beyond this?

Words meanings summery:

• हेतुमत् (hetumat) - having reasons, reasonable, rational

• च (ca) - and, also

• एतत् (etat) - this teaching (implied) (this)

• उद्दिष्टम् (uddiṣṭam) - is taught, expounded (taught, declared, specified)

• उपायाः (upāyāḥ) - means, expedients, methods

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - for its (the teaching's) (of this, its)

• साधने (sādhane) - in its accomplishment, in its perfection

• सिद्धेः (siddheḥ) - of perfection, of success, of attainment

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

• च (ca) - and, also

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation, release, emancipation

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of suffering, of sorrow, of pain

• च (ca) - and, also

• विनिश्चयः (viniścayaḥ) - decisive resolution (ascertainment, determination, resolution, decision)

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this, hence

• परम् (param) - beyond this (beyond, higher, supreme)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

• किम् (kim) - what, why, how, whether

• नु (nu) - now, indeed, particle of interrogation or emphasis

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, could be

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Arjuna (O best of Bhāratas)

Words meanings and morphology

हेतुमत् (hetumat) - having reasons, reasonable, rational

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hetumat

hetumat - having a cause, having reasons, reasonable, rational

Derived from 'hetu' (cause, reason) with the possessive suffix -mat.

Note: Agrees with 'etat'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this teaching (implied) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the teaching mentioned implicitly.

उद्दिष्टम् (uddiṣṭam) - is taught, expounded (taught, declared, specified)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uddiṣṭa

uddiṣṭa - taught, declared, specified, pointed out

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √diś with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

उपायाः (upāyāḥ) - means, expedients, methods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upāya

upāya - means, method, expedient, approach

From √i with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - for its (the teaching's) (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the 'teaching' implicitly.

साधने (sādhane) - in its accomplishment, in its perfection

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sādhana

sādhana - means of accomplishment, instrument, achieving

Derived from √sādh (to accomplish, effect).

Root: sādh (class 5)

सिद्धेः (siddheḥ) - of perfection, of success, of attainment

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - perfection, accomplishment, success, attainment, supernatural power

From √sidh (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: sidh (class 4)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation, release, emancipation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation, final beatitude

From √muc (to release) with suffix -sa.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Special instruction word.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of suffering, of sorrow, of pain

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, sorrow, pain, misery

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विनिश्चयः (viniścayaḥ) - decisive resolution (ascertainment, determination, resolution, decision)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viniścaya

viniścaya - ascertainment, determination, decision, conviction

From √ci (to gather) with prefixes vi and ni.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: ci (class 5)

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this, hence

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - beyond this (beyond, higher, supreme)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially in conjunction with 'ataḥ'.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis or a mild contrast.

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, different, another

Note: Agrees with 'sukham'.

किम् (kim) - what, why, how, whether

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

नु (nu) - now, indeed, particle of interrogation or emphasis

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds an interrogative sense.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, could be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Optative mood, expressing possibility.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O Arjuna (O best of Bhāratas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas, an epithet for Arjuna or other prominent descendants of Bharata

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, a patronymic
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)