महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-36

इत्युक्तः स मया शिष्यो मेधावी मधुसूदन ।
पप्रच्छ पुनरेवेमं मोक्षधर्मं सुदुर्वचम् ॥३६॥

36. ityuktaḥ sa mayā śiṣyo medhāvī madhusūdana ,
papraccha punarevemaṁ mokṣadharmaṁ sudurvacam.

36. iti uktaḥ saḥ mayā śiṣyaḥ medhāvī madhusūdana
papraccha punaḥ eva imam mokṣadharmam sudurvacam

36. madhusūdana mayā iti uktaḥ saḥ medhāvī śiṣyaḥ
punaḥ eva imam sudurvacam mokṣadharmam papraccha

36. O Madhusūdana, when I had thus instructed that intelligent disciple, he again asked about this natural law (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa), which is very difficult to explain.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (quotation marker)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - instructed, addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• सः (saḥ) - that (disciple) (he, that)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, pupil

• मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (addressing Krishna) (slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - (he) asked, inquired

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, back

• एव (eva) - again, indeed (only, just, indeed, quite)

• इमम् (imam) - this, this one

• मोक्षधर्मम् (mokṣadharmam) - the natural law (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa) (the (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa))

• सुदुर्वचम् (sudurvacam) - very difficult to explain/speak

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable particle.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - instructed, addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root √vac (to speak) with suffix -ta, with samprasarana (u replaces va).

Root: √vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - that (disciple) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Pronominal stem.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Agent in a passive construction ('iti uktaḥ mayā' means 'thus spoken by me').

शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple, pupil

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil, student, one to be taught

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root √śās (to teach, to rule) with suffix -ya (indicating 'one who is to be taught').

Root: √śās (class 2)

मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhāvin

medhāvin - intelligent, wise, sagacious, possessing intellect (medhā)

From medhā (intellect) + -vin (possessive suffix).

Note: Agrees with 'śiṣyaḥ'.

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (addressing Krishna) (slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu (an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu)

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, demon Madhu
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroying, crushing, destroyer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root √sūd (to destroy) with suffix -ana.
  Root: √sūd (class 10)

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - (he) asked, inquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of √prach

Reduplicated perfect form of root √prach.

Root: √prach (class 6)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more, back

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

एव (eva) - again, indeed (only, just, indeed, quite)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

इमम् (imam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

मोक्षधर्मम् (mokṣadharmam) - the natural law (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa) (the (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣadharma

mokṣadharma - the law/principle/nature of liberation, the path to liberation

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mokṣa+dharma)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, freedom, emancipation
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  From root √muc (to release) with suffix -sa.
  Root: √muc (class 6)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, constitution, moral order
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

Note: "dharma" translated as "natural law".

सुदुर्वचम् (sudurvacam) - very difficult to explain/speak

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudurvaca

sudurvaca - very difficult to speak/explain, hard to utter

Compound of su- (intensifier) and durvaca (difficult to speak).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+durvaca)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Intensifying prefix.
• durvaca – difficult to speak, hard to explain
  adjective
  From dur- (difficult) + √vac (to speak) + -a.
  Prefix: dur
  Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with mokṣadharmam.