महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-22

मुञ्जं शरीरं तस्याहुरिषीकामात्मनि श्रिताम् ।
एतन्निदर्शनं प्रोक्तं योगविद्भिरनुत्तमम् ॥२२॥

22. muñjaṁ śarīraṁ tasyāhuriṣīkāmātmani śritām ,
etannidarśanaṁ proktaṁ yogavidbhiranuttamam.

22. muñjam śarīram tasya āhuḥ iṣīkām ātmani śritām
etat nidarśanam proktam yogavidbhiḥ anuttamam

22. āhuḥ tasya śarīram muñjam,
iṣīkām ātmani śritām.
etat anuttamam nidarśanam yogavidbhiḥ proktam.

22. The muñja grass is said to be its body, and the reed is referred to as the self (ātman) residing within. This is proclaimed as an excellent analogy by those who understand (yoga).

Words meanings summery:

• मुञ्जम् (muñjam) - muñja grass

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

• तस्य (tasya) - of that self (ātman), implicitly referring to the ātman mentioned in the previous verse (of that, its)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they call

• इषीकाम् (iṣīkām) - a reed, a stalk

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - implicitly, in the body (as the self resides in the body before separation) (in the self, in the spirit)

• श्रिताम् (śritām) - residing, located, situated, dependent

• एतत् (etat) - this

• निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example, illustration, analogy

• प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared, proclaimed, said

• योगविद्भिः (yogavidbhiḥ) - by those who know yoga

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unequalled, excellent, supreme

Words meanings and morphology

मुञ्जम् (muñjam) - muñja grass

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of muñja

muñja - muñja grass (Saccharum sara)

Note: Used here as a predicate nominative, referring to the body.

शरीरम् (śarīram) - body

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

तस्य (tasya) - of that self (ātman), implicitly referring to the ātman mentioned in the previous verse (of that, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they call

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of āhuḥ

Irregular perfect tense form of the root vac (to speak), used as an equivalent to present tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

इषीकाम् (iṣīkām) - a reed, a stalk

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣīkā

iṣīkā - a reed, a stalk, a fibre (of muñja grass)

आत्मनि (ātmani) - implicitly, in the body (as the self resides in the body before separation) (in the self, in the spirit)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - the self, soul, individual soul, essence, breath

श्रिताम् (śritām) - residing, located, situated, dependent

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrita

śrita - resorted to, resting on, depending on, dwelling in, situated in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śri, forming a past passive participle.

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'iṣīkām'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, it

निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example, illustration, analogy

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nidarśana

nidarśana - example, illustration, analogy, indication, phenomenon

From root dṛś with prefix ni-, suffix -ana.

Prefix: ni

Root: dṛś (class 1)

प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared, proclaimed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta

prokta - declared, proclaimed, said, spoken, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac with prefix pra-, forming a past passive participle.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

योगविद्भिः (yogavidbhiḥ) - by those who know yoga

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yogavid

yogavid - one who knows yoga, an expert in yoga

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoga+vid)

• yoga – union, spiritual discipline, method, practice
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj.
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• vid – knowing, wise, perceiving
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unequalled, excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - not having a superior, unequalled, excellent, supreme, best

Compound of 'an-' (negation) and 'uttama' (best, highest).

Note: Modifies 'nidarśanam'.