महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-14

अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि योगशास्त्रमनुत्तमम् ।
यज्ज्ञात्वा सिद्धमात्मानं लोके पश्यन्ति योगिनः ॥१४॥

14. ataḥ paraṁ pravakṣyāmi yogaśāstramanuttamam ,
yajjñātvā siddhamātmānaṁ loke paśyanti yoginaḥ.

14. ataḥ param pravakṣyāmi yogaśāstram anuttamam
yat jñātvā siddham ātmānam loke paśyanti yoginaḥ

14. ataḥ param anuttamam yogaśāstram pravakṣyāmi
yat jñātvā yoginaḥ loke siddham ātmānam paśyanti

14. Therefore, I will now declare the supreme (yoga) scripture, knowing which practitioners of yoga (yogin) perceive the perfected true self (ātman) in the world.

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this (context) (therefore, hence, from this)

• परम् (param) - next (in discourse), further, also acting as an adjective for 'yogaśāstram' (supreme) (supreme, highest, excellent; next, further)

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare (I will declare, I will explain, I will speak forth)

• योगशास्त्रम् (yogaśāstram) - the scripture on (yoga) (treatise on yoga, yoga scripture)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (unequaled, supreme, best, incomparable)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, that (relative pronoun))

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - knowing (having known, knowing)

• सिद्धम् (siddham) - perfected (perfected, accomplished, successful, proven)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the true self (ātman) (the self, the soul, the essence)

• लोके (loke) - in the world (of experience) (in the world, in the realm, among people)

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they perceive (they see, they perceive, they behold)

• योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - practitioners of (yoga) (yogin) (practitioners of yoga, ascetics, yogins)

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this (context) (therefore, hence, from this)

(indeclinable)

Avyaya formed from pronominal base idaṃ.

Note: Indicates a logical consequence or a new point in discourse.

परम् (param) - next (in discourse), further, also acting as an adjective for 'yogaśāstram' (supreme) (supreme, highest, excellent; next, further)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, next, further

Note: Can be adverbial in the sense of 'subsequently' or 'further'.

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare (I will declare, I will explain, I will speak forth)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pravac

Future Tense

From root √vac (to speak) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Implied subject 'I'.

योगशास्त्रम् (yogaśāstram) - the scripture on (yoga) (treatise on yoga, yoga scripture)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yogaśāstra

yogaśāstra - treatise on yoga, yoga science, yoga scripture

Tatpurusha compound of yoga (yoga) and śāstra (treatise, scripture).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoga+śāstra)

• yoga – union, discipline, spiritual practice, means, conjunction
  noun (masculine)
  From root √yuj (to yoke, join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• śāstra – scripture, treatise, science, rule, teaching
  noun (neuter)
  From root √śās (to teach, instruct).
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Object of 'pravakṣyāmi'.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (unequaled, supreme, best, incomparable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unequaled, supreme, best, incomparable, highest

Negative compound of a- (not) + uttama (highest, best).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+uttama)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud' or 'ud-' + 'tama'.

Note: Modifies 'yogaśāstram'.

यत् (yat) - which (which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Acts as the subject of the clause 'knowing which...'.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - knowing (having known, knowing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √jñā (to know) with suffix -tvā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

सिद्धम् (siddham) - perfected (perfected, accomplished, successful, proven)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siddha

siddha - perfected, accomplished, successful, proven, a perfected being

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sidh (to succeed, accomplish).

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'ātmānam'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the true self (ātman) (the self, the soul, the essence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, breath

Note: Object of 'jñātvā' and 'paśyanti'.

लोके (loke) - in the world (of experience) (in the world, in the realm, among people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, common experience

From √lok (to see).

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Denotes location or context.

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they perceive (they see, they perceive, they behold)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of paśyati

Present Tense

From root √dṛś (to see), but uses the stem paśya- in present system.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'yoginaḥ'.

योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - practitioners of (yoga) (yogin) (practitioners of yoga, ascetics, yogins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yogin

yogin - practitioner of yoga, yogi, ascetic, one who is united (with the divine)

Derived from yoga with suffix -in.

Note: Subject of 'paśyanti'.