महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-1

ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
यः स्यादेकायने लीनस्तूष्णीं किंचिदचिन्तयन् ।
पूर्वं पूर्वं परित्यज्य स निरारम्भको भवेत् ॥१॥

1. brāhmaṇa uvāca ,
yaḥ syādekāyane līnastūṣṇīṁ kiṁcidacintayan ,
pūrvaṁ pūrvaṁ parityajya sa nirārambhako bhavet.

1. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca | yaḥ syāt ekāyane līnaḥ tūṣṇīm kiñcit
acintayan | pūrvam pūrvam parityajya saḥ nirārambhakaḥ bhavet

1. brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca yaḥ ekāyane līnaḥ tūṣṇīm kiñcit acintayan pūrvam pūrvam parityajya syāt,
saḥ nirārambhakaḥ bhavet

1. The Brahmin said: One who remains absorbed in a single path, silently contemplating nothing, abandoning each former thing, such a person becomes free from undertakings (nirārambhaka).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which (relative pronoun)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

• एकायने (ekāyane) - in a single path (of spiritual practice or understanding) (in a solitary path; in one-pointedness; in a single focus)

• लीनः (līnaḥ) - absorbed in (the single path) (absorbed, merged, dissolved, attached)

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly, in silence

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything, somewhat, a little

• अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - not thinking, not contemplating

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - former, previous; before, previously

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - former, previous; before, previously

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (demonstrative pronoun)

• निरारम्भकः (nirārambhakaḥ) - becomes free from all undertakings or actions (one who has no undertakings, free from initiative, actionless)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may become, should become

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin; related to brahman

Derived from brahman with aṇ suffix

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

Optative 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

एकायने (ekāyane) - in a single path (of spiritual practice or understanding) (in a solitary path; in one-pointedness; in a single focus)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ekāyana

ekāyana - a single path, one way, sole refuge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+ayana)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral
• ayana – going, path, course
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'i' (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

लीनः (līnaḥ) - absorbed in (the single path) (absorbed, merged, dissolved, attached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of līna

līna - clung, adhered, absorbed, vanished

Past Passive Participle

From root 'lī' (to cling, dissolve)

Root: lī (class 4)

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly, in silence

(indeclinable)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything, somewhat, a little

(indeclinable)

अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - not thinking, not contemplating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acintayat

acintayat - not thinking, not contemplating

Present Active Participle (negative)

From root 'cint' (to think) with negative prefix 'a'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cintayat)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
  negative prefix
• cintayat – thinking, contemplating
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'cint' (to think)
  Root: cint (class 10)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - former, previous; before, previously

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrva

pūrva - previous, former, earlier

Note: Used adverbially in some contexts, but here modifying 'thing' implied.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - former, previous; before, previously

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrva

pūrva - previous, former, earlier

Note: Repetition emphasizes 'each former thing' or 'one after another'.

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with prefix 'pari'

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (demonstrative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निरारम्भकः (nirārambhakaḥ) - becomes free from all undertakings or actions (one who has no undertakings, free from initiative, actionless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirārambhaka

nirārambhaka - without undertakings, without initiatives, actionless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ārambhaka)

• nis – without, out, free from
  prefix
  negative/privative prefix
• ārambhaka – one who undertakes, initiating, beginning
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'rabh' (to begin) with prefix 'ā'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may become, should become

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

Optative 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)