महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-16

इन्द्रियाणि तु संहृत्य मन आत्मनि धारयेत् ।
तीव्रं तप्त्वा तपः पूर्वं ततो योक्तुमुपक्रमेत् ॥१६॥

16. indriyāṇi tu saṁhṛtya mana ātmani dhārayet ,
tīvraṁ taptvā tapaḥ pūrvaṁ tato yoktumupakramet.

16. indriyāṇi tu saṃhṛtya manaḥ ātmani dhārayet
tīvram taptvā tapaḥ pūrvam tataḥ yoktum upakramet

16. tu indriyāṇi saṃhṛtya manaḥ ātmani dhārayet
pūrvam tīvram tapaḥ taptvā tataḥ yoktum upakramet

16. Indeed, having withdrawn the senses, one should fix the mind on the self (ātman). First, having intensely practiced austerity (tapas), one should then begin to engage in (yoga).

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रियाणि (indriyāṇi) - the senses (the senses, sense organs)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

• संहृत्य (saṁhṛtya) - having withdrawn (having withdrawn, having gathered, having subdued, having collected)

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (mind, intellect, heart, thought)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - on the self (ātman) (in the self, within the soul)

• धारयेत् (dhārayet) - one should fix (one should fix, one should hold, one should concentrate)

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intensely (adverbial accusative) (intense, sharp, severe, vehement)

• तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having practiced (having heated, having burned, having practiced austerity)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat, religious fervor)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, beforehand (first, before, formerly)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

• योक्तुम् (yoktum) - to engage in (yoga) (to yoke, to join, to engage in yoga, to concentrate)

• उपक्रमेत् (upakramet) - one should begin (one should begin, one should commence, one should undertake)

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रियाणि (indriyāṇi) - the senses (the senses, sense organs)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense, pertaining to Indra

From Indra (chief of gods) with suffix -iya.

Note: Object of 'saṃhṛtya'.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes or introduces a new point.

संहृत्य (saṁhṛtya) - having withdrawn (having withdrawn, having gathered, having subdued, having collected)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √hṛ (to take, carry) with upasarga sam- and suffix -lyaP (after upasarga).

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb 'dhārayet'.

मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (mind, intellect, heart, thought)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, understanding, heart, desire

From root √man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dhārayet'.

आत्मनि (ātmani) - on the self (ātman) (in the self, within the soul)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, breath

Note: Denotes location where the mind is fixed.

धारयेत् (dhārayet) - one should fix (one should fix, one should hold, one should concentrate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dhāray

Optative Mood (causative)

Causative stem of root √dhṛ (to hold, bear).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied 'one'.

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intensely (adverbial accusative) (intense, sharp, severe, vehement)

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter, functioning as an adverb.

तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having practiced (having heated, having burned, having practiced austerity)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √tap (to heat, to perform austerity) with suffix -tvā.

Root: tap (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat, religious fervor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor, self-discipline

From root √tap (to heat).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'taptvā'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - first, beforehand (first, before, formerly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the action of 'taptvā'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Avyaya formed from pronominal base tad.

Note: Indicates sequence.

योक्तुम् (yoktum) - to engage in (yoga) (to yoke, to join, to engage in yoga, to concentrate)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √yuj (to yoke, join) with suffix -tum.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Expresses purpose for 'upakramet'.

उपक्रमेत् (upakramet) - one should begin (one should begin, one should commence, one should undertake)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of upakram

Optative Mood

From root √kram (to step, go) with upasarga upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied 'one'.