महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-51

नैतत्पार्थ सुविज्ञेयं व्यामिश्रेणेति मे मतिः ।
नरेणाकृतसंज्ञेन विदग्धेनाकृतात्मना ॥५१॥

51. naitatpārtha suvijñeyaṁ vyāmiśreṇeti me matiḥ ,
nareṇākṛtasaṁjñena vidagdhenākṛtātmanā.

51. na etat pārtha suvijñeyam vyāmiśreṇa iti me
matiḥ nareṇa akṛtasaṃjñena vidagdhena akṛtātmanā

51. Pārtha,
etat vyāmiśreṇa (nareṇa) suvijñeyam na.
Iti me matiḥ.
(Na ca) akṛtasaṃjñena,
vidagdhena,
akṛtātmanā (nareṇa api).

51. O Pārtha, this is not easily understood by a person with a confused mind – such is my conviction. Nor by one whose understanding is undeveloped, by a merely shrewd individual, or by one whose inner self (ātman) is uncultivated.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एतत् (etat) - this (the teachings) (this, this one)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (son of Kuntī/Pṛthā) (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

• सुविज्ञेयम् (suvijñeyam) - easily understood (easily knowable, well understood)

• व्यामिश्रेण (vyāmiśreṇa) - by a confused (person), by one with a mixed-up mind (by a mixed, confused, intricate (person/state))

• इति (iti) - so (such is my conviction) (thus, in this way, so (introducing or concluding direct speech))

• मे (me) - my (opinion) (my, to me, by me)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - conviction, opinion (mind, thought, opinion, conviction)

• नरेण (nareṇa) - by a person (by a man, by a person)

• अकृतसंज्ञेन (akṛtasaṁjñena) - by one whose understanding is undeveloped (by one whose understanding/cognition is not developed, by an undeveloped person)

• विदग्धेन (vidagdhena) - by a merely shrewd individual (by a clever, astute, cunning, shrewd (person))

• अकृतात्मना (akṛtātmanā) - by one whose inner self (ātman) is uncultivated (by one whose self (ātman) is uncultivated/unrefined, by an unspiritual person)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

एतत् (etat) - this (the teachings) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the subject matter of the discourse.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (son of Kuntī/Pṛthā) (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

From Pṛthā + aṇ suffix

सुविज्ञेयम् (suvijñeyam) - easily understood (easily knowable, well understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of suvijñeya

suvijñeya - easily knowable, well understood, readily discernible

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

From prefix su + vi + root √jñā (to know) + ya suffix (gerundive).

Prefixes: su+vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Literally 'that which is to be easily known'.

व्यामिश्रेण (vyāmiśreṇa) - by a confused (person), by one with a mixed-up mind (by a mixed, confused, intricate (person/state))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vyāmiśra

vyāmiśra - mixed, mingled, confused, complicated

From prefix vi + ā + root √miśr (to mix) + a suffix.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: miśr (class 10)

Note: Adjective modifying 'nareṇa'.

इति (iti) - so (such is my conviction) (thus, in this way, so (introducing or concluding direct speech))

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (opinion) (my, to me, by me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

First person pronoun.

Note: Possessive.

मतिः (matiḥ) - conviction, opinion (mind, thought, opinion, conviction)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, thought, opinion, understanding, conviction

From root √man (to think) + ti suffix.

Root: man (class 4)

नरेण (nareṇa) - by a person (by a man, by a person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Note: Serves as the agent for the passive 'suvijñeyam'.

अकृतसंज्ञेन (akṛtasaṁjñena) - by one whose understanding is undeveloped (by one whose understanding/cognition is not developed, by an undeveloped person)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akṛtasaṃjña

akṛtasaṁjña - one whose understanding/cognition is not made/developed, uninitiated, undeveloped

Bahuvrihi compound: a (not) + kṛta (made, done) + saṃjña (cognition, understanding).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kṛta+saṃjña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kṛta – made, done, accomplished
  adjective (Past Passive Participle) (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, make) + kta suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• saṃjña – cognition, understanding, designation, consciousness
  noun (feminine)
  From prefix sam + root √jñā (to know).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Adjective modifying 'nareṇa'.

विदग्धेन (vidagdhena) - by a merely shrewd individual (by a clever, astute, cunning, shrewd (person))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidagdha

vidagdha - clever, acute, astute, cunning, shrewd; burnt, cooked

Past Passive Participle

From prefix vi + root √dah (to burn, consume) or √dagh (to be clever) + kta suffix. Here implying intellectual sharpness without spiritual depth.

Prefix: vi

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'nareṇa'.

अकृतात्मना (akṛtātmanā) - by one whose inner self (ātman) is uncultivated (by one whose self (ātman) is uncultivated/unrefined, by an unspiritual person)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akṛtātman

akṛtātman - one whose self (ātman) is uncultivated/unrefined, unspiritual, unpracticed

Bahuvrihi compound: a (not) + kṛta (made, cultivated) + ātman (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kṛta+ātman)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kṛta – made, done, accomplished
  adjective (Past Passive Participle) (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, make) + kta suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)
  From √at (to move, breathe).
  Root: at (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'nareṇa'.