महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-19, verse-15

तस्योपदेशं पश्यामि यथावत्तन्निबोध मे ।
यैर्द्वारैश्चारयन्नित्यं पश्यत्यात्मानमात्मनि ॥१५॥

15. tasyopadeśaṁ paśyāmi yathāvattannibodha me ,
yairdvāraiścārayannityaṁ paśyatyātmānamātmani.

15. tasya upadeśam paśyāmi yathāvat tat nibodha me
yaiḥ dvāraiḥ cārayan nityam paśyati ātmānam ātmani

15. me tasya upadeśam yathāvat tat nibodha yaiḥ
dvāraiḥ nityam cārayan ātmānam ātmani paśyati

15. I comprehend his instruction; therefore, understand it from me precisely. Through which gateways, constantly directing (the mind), one perceives the self (ātman) within the self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the teacher/speaker of the yogaśāstra) (of him, his, of that)

• उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - the instruction (instruction, teaching, advice)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I understand (the instruction) (I see, I perceive, I understand)

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - precisely, as it is (properly, exactly, as it is, truly)

• तत् (tat) - that (instruction) (that (neuter pronoun))

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand (imperative) (understand, perceive, learn)

• मे (me) - from me (ablative sense) (from me, to me, my)

• यैः (yaiḥ) - through which (channels) (by which (plural instrumental))

• द्वारैः (dvāraiḥ) - through channels/gateways (referring to senses/mind) (by gates, by doors, by channels, by means)

• चारयन् (cārayan) - directing (the mind/consciousness) (causing to move, directing, leading (present active participle))

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always (constantly, perpetually, always)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - one perceives (he sees, he perceives, he understands)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the true self (ātman) (the self, the soul, the essence)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - within the (individual) self (in the self, within the soul)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the teacher/speaker of the yogaśāstra) (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, 'of him'.

उपदेशम् (upadeśam) - the instruction (instruction, teaching, advice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upadeśa

upadeśa - instruction, teaching, advice, precept

From root √diś (to point out, show) with upasarga upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: diś (class 6)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I understand (the instruction) (I see, I perceive, I understand)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paśyati

Present Tense

From root √dṛś (to see), but uses the stem paśya- in present system.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'I' (the speaker).

यथावत् (yathāvat) - precisely, as it is (properly, exactly, as it is, truly)

(indeclinable)

From yathā (as) + suffix -vat.

तत् (tat) - that (instruction) (that (neuter pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Object of 'nibodha'.

निबोध (nibodha) - understand (imperative) (understand, perceive, learn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

Imperative Mood

From root √budh (to know, awaken) with upasarga ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'you' (implied).

मे (me) - from me (ablative sense) (from me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me (pronoun)

Enclitic form of asmad.

यैः (yaiḥ) - through which (channels) (by which (plural instrumental))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

द्वारैः (dvāraiḥ) - through channels/gateways (referring to senses/mind) (by gates, by doors, by channels, by means)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of dvāra

dvāra - door, gate, entrance, channel, means

From root √dvṛ (to open).

Root: dvṛ (class 1)

चारयन् (cārayan) - directing (the mind/consciousness) (causing to move, directing, leading (present active participle))

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cārayat

cārayat - causing to move, directing, leading, causing to wander

Present Active Participle (causative)

Causative stem of √car (to move) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: car (class 1)

Note: The agent of 'paśyati'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always (constantly, perpetually, always)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'cārayan' and 'paśyati'.

पश्यति (paśyati) - one perceives (he sees, he perceives, he understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paśyati

Present Tense

From root √dṛś (to see), but uses the stem paśya- in present system.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied 'one' or 'the yogin'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the true self (ātman) (the self, the soul, the essence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, breath

आत्मनि (ātmani) - within the (individual) self (in the self, within the soul)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, breath

Note: Denotes location.