महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-40, verse-59

यं कालं नागतो राजन्गुरुस्तस्य महात्मनः ।
क्रतुं समाप्य स्वगृहं तं कालं सोऽभ्यरक्षत ॥५९॥

59. yaṁ kālaṁ nāgato rājangurustasya mahātmanaḥ ,
kratuṁ samāpya svagṛhaṁ taṁ kālaṁ so'bhyarakṣata.

59. yam kālam na āgataḥ rājan guruḥ tasya mahātmanaḥ
kratum samāpya svagṛham tam kālam saḥ abhyarakṣata

59. rājan tasya mahātmanaḥ guruḥ kratum samāpya svagṛham
na āgataḥ yam kālam tam kālam saḥ abhyarakṣata

59. O king, Vipula protected her during the entire period until his great-souled (mahātman) spiritual teacher (guru) had returned to his own home after completing the Vedic ritual (kratu).

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - which (which, whom)

• कालम् (kālam) - time, period (time, season)

• न (na) - not

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - returned (come, arrived)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - spiritual teacher (guru) (spiritual teacher, heavy, venerable)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (Vipula) (of him, of that)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (mahātman) (of the great-souled one, of the noble-minded one)

• क्रतुम् (kratum) - Vedic ritual (kratu) (Vedic ritual, sacrifice)

• समाप्य (samāpya) - having completed (having completed, having finished)

• स्वगृहम् (svagṛham) - his own home (his own house)

• तम् (tam) - that (time) (that (masculine accusative))

• कालम् (kālam) - time, period (time, season)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Vipula) (he, that (masculine))

• अभ्यरक्षत (abhyarakṣata) - he protected (her) (he protected, he guarded)

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - which (which, whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

कालम् (kālam) - time, period (time, season)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आगतः (āgataḥ) - returned (come, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root √gam with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

गुरुः (guruḥ) - spiritual teacher (guru) (spiritual teacher, heavy, venerable)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - spiritual teacher, master, heavy, venerable

तस्य (tasya) - of that (Vipula) (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one (mahātman) (of the great-souled one, of the noble-minded one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted

Compound noun/adjective

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

क्रतुम् (kratum) - Vedic ritual (kratu) (Vedic ritual, sacrifice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kratu

kratu - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, power, will, understanding

समाप्य (samāpya) - having completed (having completed, having finished)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root √āp with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā', followed by suffix '-ya'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

स्वगृहम् (svagṛham) - his own home (his own house)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svagṛha

svagṛha - one's own house/home

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+gṛha)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective
• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)

तम् (tam) - that (time) (that (masculine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कालम् (kālam) - time, period (time, season)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

सः (saḥ) - he (Vipula) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभ्यरक्षत (abhyarakṣata) - he protected (her) (he protected, he guarded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhirakṣ

imperfect active

3rd person singular imperfect (laṅ) active of root √rakṣ with upasarga 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: rakṣ (class 1)