महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-40, verse-2

अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि इतिहासं पुरातनम् ।
यथा रक्षा कृता पूर्वं विपुलेन महात्मना ॥२॥

2. atra te vartayiṣyāmi itihāsaṁ purātanam ,
yathā rakṣā kṛtā pūrvaṁ vipulena mahātmanā.

2. atra te vartayiṣyāmi itihāsam purātanam
yathā rakṣā kṛtā pūrvam vipulena mahātmanā

2. atra te purātanam itihāsam vartayiṣyāmi
yathā pūrvam mahātmanā vipulena rakṣā kṛtā

2. Here, I shall recount to you an ancient story about how protection was previously provided by the great-souled Vipula.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, your, by you)

• वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I shall narrate (I shall cause to proceed, I shall relate, I shall tell)

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - an ancient story (history, legend, story)

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient (story) (ancient, old, former)

• यथा (yathā) - how (as, how, in which way)

• रक्षा (rakṣā) - protection (protection, guarding)

• कृता (kṛtā) - was provided/done (made, done, performed)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (formerly, previously, before)

• विपुलेन (vipulena) - by Vipula (by Vipula (proper noun), by the extensive/great one)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Vipula) (by the great-souled one, by the Mahatma)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you (to you, your, by you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Note: Dative singular or Genitive singular of tvam. Here, 'to you' (dative).

वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I shall narrate (I shall cause to proceed, I shall relate, I shall tell)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vṛt

Causative Future Active

From root `vṛt` (1st class `vartate`), causative stem `vartaya-`, future affix `-iṣya-`, 1st person singular active ending `-mi`.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - an ancient story (history, legend, story)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, tradition, story

`iti ha āsa` - 'thus it indeed was'.

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient (story) (ancient, old, former)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, former

From `purā` (formerly) + `tana` suffix.

यथा (yathā) - how (as, how, in which way)

(indeclinable)

रक्षा (rakṣā) - protection (protection, guarding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rakṣā

rakṣā - protection, guarding, preservation

From root `rakṣ` (to protect).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive construction.

कृता (kṛtā) - was provided/done (made, done, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as the main verb in a passive construction.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (formerly, previously, before)

(indeclinable)

Here used as an adverb.

विपुलेन (vipulena) - by Vipula (by Vipula (proper noun), by the extensive/great one)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - extensive, great, broad, large, proper name Vipula

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Vipula) (by the great-souled one, by the Mahatma)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, Mahatma

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `ātman` (soul).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
  From `mahat` (great), in compound form.
• ātman – soul, self, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)