महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-132, verse-51

निरयं याति हिंसात्मा याति स्वर्गमहिंसकः ।
यातनां निरये रौद्रां स कृच्छ्रां लभते नरः ॥५१॥

51. nirayaṁ yāti hiṁsātmā yāti svargamahiṁsakaḥ ,
yātanāṁ niraye raudrāṁ sa kṛcchrāṁ labhate naraḥ.

51. nirayam yāti hiṃsātman yāti svargam ahiṃsakaḥ
yātanām niraye raudrām sa kṛcchrām labhate naraḥ

51. hiṃsātman nirayam yāti.
ahiṃsakaḥ svargam yāti.
sa naraḥ niraye raudrām kṛcchrām yātanām labhate.

51. A violent (hiṃsātman) person goes to hell (niraya), while a non-violent (ahiṃsaka) person goes to heaven. Such a man endures terrible and difficult torment in hell.

Words meanings summery:

• निरयम् (nirayam) - hell (niraya), underworld

• याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds

• हिंसात्मन् (hiṁsātman) - a violent person, one whose nature is violence

• याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, paradise

• अहिंसकः (ahiṁsakaḥ) - non-violent, harmless

• यातनाम् (yātanām) - torment, torture, pain

• निरये (niraye) - in hell (niraya)

• रौद्राम् (raudrām) - dreadful, terrible, fierce

• स (sa) - he, that

• कृच्छ्राम् (kṛcchrām) - difficult, painful, severe

• लभते (labhate) - obtains, receives, gains

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

Words meanings and morphology

निरयम् (nirayam) - hell (niraya), underworld

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niraya

niraya - hell, infernal region, underworld

From 'nir' (down, out) + 'i' (to go) + 'aya' suffix.

Prefix: nir

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'yāti'.

याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Active

Root 'yā' (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'goes'.

हिंसात्मन् (hiṁsātman) - a violent person, one whose nature is violence

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hiṃsātman

hiṁsātman - violent, injurious, cruel-hearted, one whose self (ātman) is violence

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'hiṃsā' (violence, injury) + 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hiṃsā+ātman)

• hiṃsā – violence, injury, harm
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'hiṃs' (to injure)
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Active

Root 'yā' (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Verb for 'goes'.

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, paradise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

From 'su' (good) + 'gam' (to go), literally "good going".

Note: Object of 'yāti'.

अहिंसकः (ahiṁsakaḥ) - non-violent, harmless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahiṃsaka

ahiṁsaka - non-violent, harmless, practicing non-injury

From 'a' (not) + 'hiṃsaka' (injurer, violent).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hiṃsaka)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• hiṃsaka – injurer, causing harm, violent
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'hiṃs' (to injure) with suffix -aka.
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

यातनाम् (yātanām) - torment, torture, pain

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yātanā

yātanā - torment, torture, pain, punishment

From root 'yat' (to strive, to inflict).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Object of 'labhate'.

निरये (niraye) - in hell (niraya)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niraya

niraya - hell, infernal region, underworld

From 'nir' (down, out) + 'i' (to go) + 'aya' suffix.

Prefix: nir

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates location.

रौद्राम् (raudrām) - dreadful, terrible, fierce

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of raudra

raudra - terrible, dreadful, fierce, violent, Shiva's aspect

Derived from 'rudra' (a name of Shiva, associated with storm and fury).

Note: Qualifies 'yātanām'.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'naraḥ'.

कृच्छ्राम् (kṛcchrām) - difficult, painful, severe

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficult, painful, severe, hard, troublesome

Note: Qualifies 'yātanām'.

लभते (labhate) - obtains, receives, gains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of labh

Present Active

Root 'labh' (to obtain).

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: The verb for the second part of the verse.

नरः (naraḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Root: nṛ

Note: Subject of 'labhate'.