महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-132, verse-40

उमोवाच ।
महान्मे संशयः कश्चिन्मर्त्यान्प्रति महेश्वर ।
तस्मात्तं नैपुणेनाद्य ममाख्यातुं त्वमर्हसि ॥४०॥

40. umovāca ,
mahānme saṁśayaḥ kaścinmartyānprati maheśvara ,
tasmāttaṁ naipuṇenādya mamākhyātuṁ tvamarhasi.

40. umā uvāca mahān me saṃśayaḥ kaścit martyān prati maheśvara
tasmāt tam naipuṇena adya mama ākhyātum tvam arhasi

40. umā uvāca maheśvara martyān prati me kaścit mahān saṃśayaḥ
tasmāt tvam adya naipuṇena tam mama ākhyātum arhasi

40. Umā said: 'O great Lord (Maheśvara), I have a considerable doubt regarding mortals. Therefore, you should skillfully explain that matter to me now.'

Words meanings summery:

• उमा (umā) - Umā (name of goddess Parvati)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• महान् (mahān) - considerable (great, large, important)

• मे (me) - my, to me

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain, some, any

• मर्त्यान् (martyān) - mortals, humans

• प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning

• महेश्वर (maheśvara) - O great Lord (Maheśvara) (O great lord (a name of Shiva))

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• तम् (tam) - that matter (referring to the doubt) (that (masc. acc. sing.))

• नैपुणेन (naipuṇena) - skillfully (by skill, expertly, skillfully)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to tell, to explain

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

उमा (umā) - Umā (name of goddess Parvati)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of umā

umā - Umā (name of Parvati, wife of Shiva)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Past tense verb.

महान् (mahān) - considerable (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies 'saṃśayaḥ'.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Possessive (my doubt) or dative (to me there is a doubt).

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

Derived from root 'śī' (to lie, doubt) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Subject (of the implied 'is').

कश्चित् (kaścit) - a certain, some, any

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - someone, something, a certain, any

Indefinite pronoun formed from 'kim' + 'cit'.

Note: Qualifies 'saṃśayaḥ'.

मर्त्यान् (martyān) - mortals, humans

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of martya

martya - mortal, human

Root: mṛ (class 10)

Note: Object of the preposition 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, regarding, concerning

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition.

महेश्वर (maheśvara) - O great Lord (Maheśvara) (O great lord (a name of Shiva))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord (an epithet of Shiva)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'īś' (to rule, possess).
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Address to Shiva.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Adverbial use: 'for that reason'.

तम् (tam) - that matter (referring to the doubt) (that (masc. acc. sing.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Object of 'ākhyātum'.

नैपुणेन (naipuṇena) - skillfully (by skill, expertly, skillfully)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of naipuṇa

naipuṇa - skill, dexterity, expertise

Derived from 'nipuṇa' (skilled) with suffix -a (for abstract noun).

Note: Adverbial use.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

मम (mama) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: To me (indirect object of 'ākhyātum').

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to tell, to explain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'khyā' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Expresses purpose.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of 'arhasi'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Verb conjugated for second person singular.