महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-132, verse-18

महेश्वर उवाच ।
आत्महेतोः परार्थे वा नर्महास्याश्रयात्तथा ।
ये मृषा न वदन्तीह ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः ॥१८॥

18. maheśvara uvāca ,
ātmahetoḥ parārthe vā narmahāsyāśrayāttathā ,
ye mṛṣā na vadantīha te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ.

18. maheśvara uvāca | ātmahetoḥ parārthe vā narmahāsyāśrayāt
tathā | ye mṛṣā na vadanti iha te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ

18. maheśvara uvāca ye narāḥ iha ātmahetoḥ vā parārthe vā tathā narmahāsyāśrayāt mṛṣā na vadanti,
te svargagāminaḥ

18. Maheśvara said: "Those individuals who, in this world, do not speak untruthfully—whether for their own benefit (ātman), for the sake of others, or even in jest and humor—those people go to heaven."

Words meanings summery:

• महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Maheśvara (a name of Shiva)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आत्महेतोः (ātmahetoḥ) - for one's own sake, for one's own benefit

• परार्थे (parārthe) - for another's sake, for the benefit of others

• वा (vā) - or

• नर्महास्याश्रयात् (narmahāsyāśrayāt) - from reliance on jest and laughter, due to jest or humor

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, and

• ये (ye) - those who

• मृषा (mṛṣā) - falsely, untruthfully

• न (na) - not

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they speak

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• ते (te) - they, those

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, humans

• स्वर्गगामिनः (svargagāminaḥ) - going to heaven, destined for heaven

Words meanings and morphology

महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Maheśvara (a name of Shiva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord, a name of Shiva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, controller
  noun (masculine)
  From root √īś (to rule)
  Root: īś (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect active third person singular

Perfect form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आत्महेतोः (ātmahetoḥ) - for one's own sake, for one's own benefit

(noun)

masculine, singular of ātmahetu

ātmahetu - reason for oneself, for one's own sake

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+hetu)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, ego (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive, sake
  noun (masculine)

परार्थे (parārthe) - for another's sake, for the benefit of others

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parārtha

parārtha - another's purpose, the good of others

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+artha)

• para – other, another, supreme
  adjective
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine/neuter)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

नर्महास्याश्रयात् (narmahāsyāśrayāt) - from reliance on jest and laughter, due to jest or humor

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of narmahāsyāśraya

narmahāsyāśraya - reliance on jest and laughter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (narma+hāsya+āśraya)

• narma – jest, joke, sport
  noun (neuter)
• hāsya – laughter, mirth, comical
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root √has (to laugh)
  Root: has (class 1)
• āśraya – refuge, support, reliance, depending on
  noun (masculine)
  From √śri with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, and

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

मृषा (mṛṣā) - falsely, untruthfully

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vad

present active third person plural

Derived from root √vad

Root: vad (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, humans

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

स्वर्गगामिनः (svargagāminaḥ) - going to heaven, destined for heaven

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svargagāmin

svargagāmin - going to heaven, heavenly

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+gāmin)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective
  From root √gam (to go) + suffix -in
  Root: gam (class 1)