महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-132, verse-24

शठप्रलापाद्विरता विरुद्धपरिवर्जकाः ।
सौम्यप्रलापिनो नित्यं ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः ॥२४॥

24. śaṭhapralāpādviratā viruddhaparivarjakāḥ ,
saumyapralāpino nityaṁ te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ.

24. śaṭhapralāpāt viratāḥ viruddhaparivarjakāḥ
saumyepralāpinaḥ nityam te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ

24. ye (narāḥ) śaṭhapralāpāt viratāḥ viruddhaparivarjakāḥ
(ca santi) nityam saumyepralāpinaḥ te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ

24. Those who desist from deceitful talk and avoid contentious or contradictory speech, and who always speak gentle words, such individuals attain heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• शठप्रलापात् (śaṭhapralāpāt) - from wicked speech, from deceitful talk

• विरताः (viratāḥ) - abstaining, ceased, turned away from

• विरुद्धपरिवर्जकाः (viruddhaparivarjakāḥ) - avoiding what is contrary/opposed, shunning opposition

• सौम्येप्रलापिनः (saumyepralāpinaḥ) - speaking gentle words, having pleasant speech

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• ते (te) - those

• नराः (narāḥ) - people, men

• स्वर्गगामिनः (svargagāminaḥ) - going to heaven, attaining heaven

Words meanings and morphology

शठप्रलापात् (śaṭhapralāpāt) - from wicked speech, from deceitful talk

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śaṭhapralāpa

śaṭhapralāpa - wicked talk, deceitful speech, cunning utterance

Compound of śaṭha (wicked) + pralāpa (talk)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaṭha+pralāpa)

• śaṭha – wicked, deceitful, cunning, rogue
  adjective (masculine)
• pralāpa – talk, chatter, foolish talk
  noun (masculine)
  from pra + lap (to speak)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Compound noun, masculine singular ablative, indicating separation 'from'.

विरताः (viratāḥ) - abstaining, ceased, turned away from

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of virata

virata - ceased, abstained, stopped, turned away from

Past Passive Participle

from vi + ram (to stop, desist)

Prefix: vi

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle used as an adjective, masculine plural nominative.

विरुद्धपरिवर्जकाः (viruddhaparivarjakāḥ) - avoiding what is contrary/opposed, shunning opposition

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viruddhaparivarjaka

viruddhaparivarjaka - avoiding what is contrary, shunning opposition or disagreement

Compound of viruddha (contrary) + parivarjaka (avoider)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viruddha+parivarjaka)

• viruddha – opposed, contrary, hostile, contradictory
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi + rudh (to obstruct)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)
• parivarjaka – avoider, shunning, abandoning
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  from pari + vṛj (to avoid) + ṇaka (agent suffix)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: vṛj (class 6)

Note: Compound adjective, masculine plural nominative.

सौम्येप्रलापिनः (saumyepralāpinaḥ) - speaking gentle words, having pleasant speech

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saumyepralāpin

saumyepralāpin - speaking gentle words, having pleasant speech, gentle-tongued

Compound of saumya (gentle) + pralāpin (speaker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saumya+pralāpin)

• saumya – gentle, mild, pleasant, auspicious
  adjective (masculine)
  from soma (moon)
• pralāpin – speaking, talking, chattering, utterer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  from pra + lap (to speak) + ṇin (agent suffix)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Compound adjective, masculine plural nominative.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an adverb (neuter singular accusative form acting as adverb).

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural nominative.

नराः (narāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Note: Masculine plural nominative.

स्वर्गगामिनः (svargagāminaḥ) - going to heaven, attaining heaven

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svargagāmin

svargagāmin - going to heaven, destined for heaven

Compound noun, from svarga (heaven) + gāmin (going, moving)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+gāmin)

• svarga – heaven, abode of the gods
  noun (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  from root gam (to go) + ṇin (agent suffix)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Compound adjective, masculine plural nominative, describing narāḥ.