महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-289, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
सांख्याः सांख्यं प्रशंसन्ति योगा योगं द्विजातयः ।
वदन्ति कारणैः श्रैष्ठ्यं स्वपक्षोद्भावनाय वै ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
sāṁkhyāḥ sāṁkhyaṁ praśaṁsanti yogā yogaṁ dvijātayaḥ ,
vadanti kāraṇaiḥ śraiṣṭhyaṁ svapakṣodbhāvanāya vai.

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca sāṅkhyāḥ sāṅkhyam praśaṃsanti yogāḥ yogam
dvijātayaḥ vadanti kāraṇaiḥ śraiṣṭhyam svapakṣodbhāvanāya vai

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca sāṅkhyāḥ sāṅkhyam
praśaṃsanti dvijātayaḥ yogāḥ yogam
praśaṃsanti (te) vai kāraṇaiḥ
svapakṣodbhāvanāya śraiṣṭhyam vadanti

2. Bhishma said: The followers of Sāṅkhya (sāṅkhyāḥ) praise Sāṅkhya, and the Yogins (yogāḥ), the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ), praise Yoga. They declare (vadanti) their superiority (śraiṣṭhyam) with various arguments (kāraṇaiḥ), indeed, for the establishment (udbhāvanāya) of their respective doctrines (svapakṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, the speaker (Bhishma (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• साङ्ख्याः (sāṅkhyāḥ) - the Sāṅkhyas, followers of Sāṅkhya philosophy

• साङ्ख्यम् (sāṅkhyam) - Sāṅkhya (the philosophical system)

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

• योगाः (yogāḥ) - the Yogins, practitioners of Yoga

• योगम् (yogam) - Yoga (the philosophical system)

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas)

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak, they declare

• कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by various arguments (by reasons, by arguments, by causes)

• श्रैष्ठ्यम् (śraiṣṭhyam) - superiority, excellence

• स्वपक्षोद्भावनाय (svapakṣodbhāvanāya) - for the establishment of one's own doctrine/side

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, the speaker (Bhishma (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; Bhishma (a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect tense (Liṭ), 3rd person singular, active voice (Parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

साङ्ख्याः (sāṅkhyāḥ) - the Sāṅkhyas, followers of Sāṅkhya philosophy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāṅkhya

sāṅkhya - relating to number, enumeration; rational, deliberative; a dualistic system of philosophy (Sāṅkhya); follower of Sāṅkhya

साङ्ख्यम् (sāṅkhyam) - Sāṅkhya (the philosophical system)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāṅkhya

sāṅkhya - relating to number, enumeration; rational, deliberative; a dualistic system of philosophy (Sāṅkhya)

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise, they commend

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √śaṃs

Present tense (Laṭ), 3rd person plural, active voice (Parasmaipada)

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

योगाः (yogāḥ) - the Yogins, practitioners of Yoga

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yoga

yoga - yoking, union; a system of philosophy (Yoga); one who practices Yoga, a Yogin

from √yuj (to yoke, to join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

योगम् (yogam) - Yoga (the philosophical system)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - yoking, union, conjunction; a system of philosophy (Yoga) aiming at spiritual perfection through self-control; effort, application, acquisition

from √yuj (to yoke, to join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born; refers to the three higher varnas (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya) who undergo the upanayana (sacred thread) ceremony, a bird, a tooth

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, lineage, caste, species
  noun (feminine)
  from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √vad

Present tense (Laṭ), 3rd person plural, active voice (Parasmaipada)

Root: vad (class 1)

कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by various arguments (by reasons, by arguments, by causes)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument; means, ground

from √kṛ (to do) + ana (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

श्रैष्ठ्यम् (śraiṣṭhyam) - superiority, excellence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śraiṣṭhya

śraiṣṭhya - superiority, excellence, pre-eminence

from śreṣṭha (best) + -ya (suffix indicating quality/state)

स्वपक्षोद्भावनाय (svapakṣodbhāvanāya) - for the establishment of one's own doctrine/side

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of svapakṣodbhāvanā

svapakṣodbhāvanā - the establishment or manifestation of one's own party or doctrine

Compound type : tatpurusha (svapakṣa+udbhāvanā)

• sva – self, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• pakṣa – side, party, wing, doctrine, school of thought
  noun (masculine)
• udbhāvanā – manifestation, display, production, establishment
  noun (feminine)
  from ut- (up) + √bhū (to be, become) + -anā (suffix)
  Prefix: ut
  Root: bhū (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)