वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-18, verse-56

स तस्य वाक्यं मधुरं महात्मनः समाहितं धर्मपथानुवर्तिनः ।
निशम्य रामस्य रणावमर्दिनो वचः सुयुक्तं निजगाद वानरः ॥५६॥

56. sa tasya vākyaṃ madhuraṃ mahātmanaḥ samāhitaṃ dharmapathānuvartinaḥ ,
niśamya rāmasya raṇāvamardino vacaḥ suyuktaṃ nijagāda vānaraḥ.

56. sa tasya vākyam madhuram mahātmanaḥ
samāhitam dharmapathānuvartinaḥ
niśamya rāmasya raṇāvamardino
vacaḥ suyuktam nijagāda vānaraḥ

56. sa vānaraḥ tasya mahātmanaḥ
dharmapathānuvartinaḥ raṇāvamardinaḥ
rāmasya madhuram samāhitam vākyam
niśamya suyuktam vacaḥ nijagāda

56. Having heard those sweet, composed, and highly appropriate words from the great-souled (mahātman) Rāma, who consistently followed the path of righteousness (dharma) and was a vanquisher in battle, the monkey (Hanuman) then spoke his own well-reasoned words.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (he, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - those (his, of him, of that)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet (sweet, pleasant, charming)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - from the great-souled (mahātman) (of the great-souled, of the noble)

• समाहितम् (samāhitam) - composed (composed, concentrated, collected)

• धर्मपथानुवर्तिनः (dharmapathānuvartinaḥ) - who consistently followed the path of righteousness (dharma) (of one who follows the path of dharma)

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard (having heard, having perceived)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - from Rāma (of Rama)

• रणावमर्दिनो (raṇāvamardino) - and was a vanquisher in battle (of one who crushes in battle, of a vanquisher in war)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, statement)

• सुयुक्तम् (suyuktam) - well-reasoned (very fitting, well-joined, well-reasoned)

• निजगाद (nijagāda) - spoke (spoke, said)

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey (Hanuman) (monkey)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - those (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet (sweet, pleasant, charming)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, delicious, pleasant, charming, melodious

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - from the great-souled (mahātman) (of the great-souled, of the noble)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, the great self

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul, supreme soul
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

समाहितम् (samāhitam) - composed (composed, concentrated, collected)

(past passive participle)

धर्मपथानुवर्तिनः (dharmapathānuvartinaḥ) - who consistently followed the path of righteousness (dharma) (of one who follows the path of dharma)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmapathānuvartin

dharmapathānuvartin - follower of the path of dharma, righteous follower

Compound of dharma (righteousness), patha (path), and anuvartin (follower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+patha+anuvartin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)
  Root: path (class 1)
• anuvartin – following, conforming to, follower
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from present participle
  Derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist) with prefixes anu-.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard (having heard, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root śam (to calm, perceive) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - from Rāma (of Rama)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a Hindu deity, a prince of Ayodhya)

रणावमर्दिनो (raṇāvamardino) - and was a vanquisher in battle (of one who crushes in battle, of a vanquisher in war)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of raṇāvamardin

raṇāvamardin - crushing in battle, a vanquisher in war

agent noun

Compound of raṇa (battle) and avamardin (crusher, subduer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+avamardin)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• avamardin – crushing, subduing, destroying, vanquisher
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun (from root mṛd with ava)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: mṛd (class 9)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, statement, voice

Root: vac (class 2)

सुयुक्तम् (suyuktam) - well-reasoned (very fitting, well-joined, well-reasoned)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suyukta

suyukta - well-joined, very fitting, appropriate, well-controlled

Compound of su (good, well) and yukta (joined, fit, appropriate).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+yukta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• yukta – joined, united, yoked, endowed with, appropriate, fit
  past passive participle (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root yuj (to join, to yoke).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

निजगाद (nijagāda) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gad

perfect tense form

Perfect 3rd person singular active of root gad.

Root: gad (class 1)

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey (Hanuman) (monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape