वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-18, verse-23

भरतस्तु महीपालो वयं त्वादेशवर्तिनः ।
त्वं च धर्मादतिक्रान्तः कथं शक्यमुपेक्षितुम् ॥२३॥

23. bharatastu mahīpālo vayaṃ tvādeśavartinaḥ ,
tvaṃ ca dharmādatikrāntaḥ kathaṃ śakyamupekṣitum.

23. bharataḥ tu mahīpālaḥ vayam tu ādeśavartinaḥ tvam
ca dharmāt atikrāntaḥ katham śakyam upekṣitum

23. bharataḥ tu mahīpālaḥ vayam tu ādeśavartinaḥ tvam
ca dharmāt atikrāntaḥ katham upekṣitum śakyam

23. Bharata is indeed the king, and we are obedient to his command. Since you have transgressed your intrinsic nature (dharma), how can it be possible to ignore this?

Words meanings summery:

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king, ruler

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• आदेशवर्तिनः (ādeśavartinaḥ) - obedient to command, following orders

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• च (ca) - and

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from your intrinsic nature (dharma) (from duty, from natural law)

• अतिक्रान्तः (atikrāntaḥ) - transgressed, surpassed, gone beyond

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, able

• उपेक्षितुम् (upekṣitum) - to ignore, to neglect, to disregard

Words meanings and morphology

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name); one who supports/maintains

From root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

आदेशवर्तिनः (ādeśavartinaḥ) - obedient to command, following orders

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ādeśavartin

ādeśavartin - obedient to command, submissive

From ādeśa (command) + vartin (acting, existing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ādeśa+vartin)

• ādeśa – command, instruction
  noun (masculine)
  From ad-iś-a
  Prefix: ā
  Root: diś (class 6)
• vartin – being, existing, acting, following
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -in added to root vṛt
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vayam'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from your intrinsic nature (dharma) (from duty, from natural law)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अतिक्रान्तः (atikrāntaḥ) - transgressed, surpassed, gone beyond

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atikrānta

atikrānta - transgressed, violated, passed over, surpassed

Past Passive Participle

From ati-kram (to transgress, surpass)

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam'.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, able

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, capable, able

Gerundive

From root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective.

उपेक्षितुम् (upekṣitum) - to ignore, to neglect, to disregard

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From upa-īkṣ (to look at, to observe; here with upa and sense of neglecting)

Prefix: upa

Root: īkṣ (class 1)