वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-18, verse-21

न हि धर्मविरुद्धस्य लोकवृत्तादपेयुषः ।
दण्डादन्यत्र पश्यामि निग्रहं हरियूथप ॥२१॥

21. na hi dharmaviruddhasya lokavṛttādapeyuṣaḥ ,
daṇḍādanyatra paśyāmi nigrahaṃ hariyūthapa.

21. na hi dharmaviruddhasya lokavṛttāt apeyuṣaḥ
daṇḍāt anyatra paśyāmi nigraham hariyūthapa

21. hi hariyūthapa na paśyāmi anyatra daṇḍāt
nigraham dharmaviruddhasya lokavṛttāt apeyuṣaḥ

21. Indeed, O leader of the monkey troop, I do not perceive any means of restraint for one who acts contrary to natural law (dharma) and deviates from societal conduct, other than punishment.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• धर्मविरुद्धस्य (dharmaviruddhasya) - of one who is contrary to dharma, of one who opposes natural law

• लोकवृत्तात् (lokavṛttāt) - from public custom, from societal conduct

• अपेयुषः (apeyuṣaḥ) - of one who has departed, gone away from

• दण्डात् (daṇḍāt) - from punishment

• अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, apart from, besides

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I perceive

• निग्रहम् (nigraham) - restraint, subjugation, suppression

• हरियूथप (hariyūthapa) - O leader of the monkey troop!

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

धर्मविरुद्धस्य (dharmaviruddhasya) - of one who is contrary to dharma, of one who opposes natural law

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmaviruddha

dharmaviruddha - contrary to dharma, against righteousness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+viruddha)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• viruddha – opposed, contrary, hostile
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'vi' + root 'rudh' (to obstruct, hinder)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)

लोकवृत्तात् (lokavṛttāt) - from public custom, from societal conduct

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of lokavṛtta

lokavṛtta - societal custom, public conduct, general usage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+vṛtta)

• loka – world, people, society
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, custom
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  From root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, turn)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

अपेयुषः (apeyuṣaḥ) - of one who has departed, gone away from

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of apeyus

apeyus - having departed, gone away from, left

Perfect Active Participle

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'apa' and perfect ending

Prefix: apa

Root: i (class 2)

दण्डात् (daṇḍāt) - from punishment

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - punishment, staff, rod

अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, apart from, besides

(indeclinable)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I perceive

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dṛś

From root 'dṛś', takes 'paśya' stem in present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

निग्रहम् (nigraham) - restraint, subjugation, suppression

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - restraint, suppression, subjugation, punishment

From 'ni' + root 'grah' (to seize, hold)

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

हरियूथप (hariyūthapa) - O leader of the monkey troop!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of hariyūthapa

hariyūthapa - leader of a monkey troop, chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+yūthapa)

• hari – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a troop/herd
  noun (masculine)