वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-18, verse-24

गुरुधर्मव्यतिक्रान्तं प्राज्ञो धर्मेण पालयन् ।
भरतः कामवृत्तानां निग्रहे पर्यवस्थितः ॥२४॥

24. gurudharmavyatikrāntaṃ prājño dharmeṇa pālayan ,
bharataḥ kāmavṛttānāṃ nigrahe paryavasthitaḥ.

24. gurudharmavyatikrāntam prājñaḥ dharmeṇa pālayan
bharataḥ kāmavṛttānām nigrahe paryavasthitaḥ

24. prājñaḥ bharataḥ dharmeṇa pālayan,
gurudharmavyatikrāntam kāmavṛttānām nigrahe paryavasthitaḥ

24. The wise Bharata, governing according to the natural law (dharma), is firmly committed to restraining those who act arbitrarily, specifically those who have transgressed a grave natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• गुरुधर्मव्यतिक्रान्तम् (gurudharmavyatikrāntam) - one who has transgressed a grave natural law (dharma)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, by righteousness

• पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, governing, maintaining

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• कामवृत्तानाम् (kāmavṛttānām) - of those who act arbitrarily/according to desires

• निग्रहे (nigrahe) - in restraining, in subduing

• पर्यवस्थितः (paryavasthitaḥ) - established, resolute, fixed

Words meanings and morphology

गुरुधर्मव्यतिक्रान्तम् (gurudharmavyatikrāntam) - one who has transgressed a grave natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gurudharmavyatikrānta

gurudharmavyatikrānta - one who has transgressed a grave duty/law

Past Passive Participle

Compound type : tatpurusha (guru+dharma+vyatikrānta)

• guru – heavy, grave, important, teacher
  adjective (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vyatikrānta – transgressed, violated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-ati-kram (to transgress)
  Prefixes: vi+ati
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Refers to the person being addressed, i.e., Rāma.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise, intelligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, discerning, knowing

From pra-jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'bharataḥ'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, by righteousness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, governing, maintaining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayat

pālayat - protecting, governing

Present Active Participle

From root pāl (to protect, rule)

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bharataḥ'.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name); one who supports/maintains

From root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

कामवृत्तानाम् (kāmavṛttānām) - of those who act arbitrarily/according to desires

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kāmavṛtta

kāmavṛtta - acting according to desire, arbitrary, licentious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kāma+vṛtta)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• vṛtta – acted, behaved, happened, conduct
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛt (to be, exist, happen)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Depends on 'nigrahe'.

निग्रहे (nigrahe) - in restraining, in subduing

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - restraint, control, subduing, punishment

From ni-grah (to seize, restrain)

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

पर्यवस्थितः (paryavasthitaḥ) - established, resolute, fixed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paryavasthita

paryavasthita - firmly established, standing firmly, resolute

Past Passive Participle

From pari-ava-sthā (to stand firmly)

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bharataḥ'.