वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-18, verse-5

अपृष्ट्वा बुद्धिसंपन्नान् वृद्धानाचार्यसंमतान् ।
सौम्य वानरचापल्यात्त्वं मां वक्तुमिहेच्छसि ॥५॥

5. apṛṣṭvā buddhisaṃpannān vṛddhānācāryasaṃmatān ,
saumya vānaracāpalyāttvaṃ māṃ vaktumihecchasi.

5. apṛṣṭvā buddhisaṃpannān vṛddhān ācāryasaṃmatān
saumya vānaracāpalyāt tvam mām vaktum iha icchasi

5. saumya apṛṣṭvā buddhisaṃpannān ācāryasaṃmatān
vṛddhān vānaracāpalyāt tvam iha mām vaktum icchasi

5. O gentle one, without consulting intelligent elders who are respected by teachers (guru), you wish to speak to me here, due to your monkey-like impulsiveness.

Words meanings summery:

• अपृष्ट्वा (apṛṣṭvā) - without asking, without consulting

• बुद्धिसंपन्नान् (buddhisaṁpannān) - endowed with intelligence

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders, old ones

• आचार्यसंमतान् (ācāryasaṁmatān) - approved by teachers, respected by teachers

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one

• वानरचापल्यात् (vānaracāpalyāt) - due to monkey's fickleness/impulsiveness

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• माम् (mām) - me

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say, to address

• इह (iha) - here, in this matter

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

Words meanings and morphology

अपृष्ट्वा (apṛṣṭvā) - without asking, without consulting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root prach (to ask) with negative prefix a-, and suffix ktvā.

Prefix: a

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Indicates an action performed before or without the main verb.

बुद्धिसंपन्नान् (buddhisaṁpannān) - endowed with intelligence

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of buddhisaṃpanna

buddhisaṁpanna - endowed with intelligence, wise

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (buddhi+saṃpanna)

• buddhi – intelligence, intellect, perception
  noun (feminine)
• saṃpanna – endowed, furnished with, accomplished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root pad (to go, move) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'vṛddhān'.

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders, old ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown up, elder

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'apṛṣṭvā'.

आचार्यसंमतान् (ācāryasaṁmatān) - approved by teachers, respected by teachers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ācāryasaṃmata

ācāryasaṁmata - approved by teachers, respected by preceptors

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+saṃmata)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide (guru)
  noun (masculine)
• saṃmata – approved, esteemed, agreed upon, respected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root man (to think) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'vṛddhān'.

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one, O mild one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, benevolent; related to Soma or the moon

Note: Address to Vali.

वानरचापल्यात् (vānaracāpalyāt) - due to monkey's fickleness/impulsiveness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vānaracāpalya

vānaracāpalya - monkey-like fickleness, impulsiveness of a monkey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+cāpalya)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• cāpalya – fickleness, unsteadiness, impulsiveness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates cause or reason.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of 'icchasi'.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'vaktum'.

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say, to address

(verb)

active, infinitive of vac

Infinitive

Formed from root vac with suffix tumun.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'icchasi'.

इह (iha) - here, in this matter

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active

6th conjugation, parasmaipada.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Main verb.