वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-18, verse-20

तद्व्यतीतस्य ते धर्मात् कामवृत्तस्य वानर ।
भ्रातृभार्याभिमर्शे ऽस्मिन्दण्डो ऽयं प्रतिपादितः ॥२०॥

20. tadvyatītasya te dharmāt kāmavṛttasya vānara ,
bhrātṛbhāryābhimarśe'smindaṇḍo'yaṃ pratipāditaḥ.

20. tat vyatītasya te dharmāt kāmavṛttasya vānara
bhrātṛbhāryābhimarśe asmin daṇḍaḥ ayam pratipāditaḥ

20. tat vānara te vyatītasya dharmāt kāmavṛttasya ayam
daṇḍaḥ pratipāditaḥ asmin bhrātṛbhāryābhimarśe

20. Therefore, O monkey, this punishment has been meted out to you, who have transgressed the natural law (dharma) and whose conduct is driven by desire, for this offense of violating a brother's wife.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore, that, it

• व्यतीतस्य (vyatītasya) - of one who has transgressed, departed from

• ते (te) - to you, for you, of you

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from natural law, from righteousness, from constitution

• कामवृत्तस्य (kāmavṛttasya) - of one whose conduct is driven by desire, of one whose behavior is arbitrary

• वानर (vānara) - O monkey!

• भ्रातृभार्याभिमर्शे (bhrātṛbhāryābhimarśe) - in the violation/touching of a brother's wife

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, staff

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• प्रतिपादितः (pratipāditaḥ) - has been inflicted, established, shown, granted

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore, that, it

(indeclinable)

व्यतीतस्य (vyatītasya) - of one who has transgressed, departed from

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - gone by, passed, transgressed, violated

Past Passive Participle

From verb 'vyatī' (vi + ati + i - to pass, transgress)

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

ते (te) - to you, for you, of you

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from natural law, from righteousness, from constitution

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution

कामवृत्तस्य (kāmavṛttasya) - of one whose conduct is driven by desire, of one whose behavior is arbitrary

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāmavṛtta

kāmavṛtta - having arbitrary conduct, acting according to desire/whim

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+vṛtta)

• kāma – desire, lust, will
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, occurrence
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
  From root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, turn)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

वानर (vānara) - O monkey!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

भ्रातृभार्याभिमर्शे (bhrātṛbhāryābhimarśe) - in the violation/touching of a brother's wife

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛbhāryābhimarśa

bhrātṛbhāryābhimarśa - violation of a brother's wife, touching a brother's wife

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhrātṛ+bhāryā+abhimarśa)

• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)
• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
  Gerundive
  From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) with nyaT suffix, meaning 'one to be supported'
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• abhimarśa – touching, assault, violation
  noun (masculine)
  From 'abhi' + root 'mṛś' (to touch, feel)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: mṛś (class 6)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, staff

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - punishment, staff, rod, fine

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

प्रतिपादितः (pratipāditaḥ) - has been inflicted, established, shown, granted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratipādita

pratipādita - shown, established, inflicted, granted, taught

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pad' (to go, move) with 'prati' and causative 'āp', then -ta suffix

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: pad (class 4)