महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-31, verse-4

स तथा तर्ज्यमानस्तु पाण्डुपुत्रैर्विशेषतः ।
विहीनश्च स्वकैर्भृत्यैर्निर्जने चावृतो भृशम् ॥४॥

4. sa tathā tarjyamānastu pāṇḍuputrairviśeṣataḥ ,
vihīnaśca svakairbhṛtyairnirjane cāvṛto bhṛśam.

4. saḥ tathā tarjyamānaḥ tu pāṇḍuputraiḥ viśeṣataḥ
vihīnaḥ ca svakaiḥ bhṛtyaiḥ nirjane ca āvṛtaḥ bhṛśam

4. saḥ tu tathā viśeṣataḥ pāṇḍuputraiḥ tarjyamānaḥ ca
svakaiḥ bhṛtyaiḥ vihīnaḥ ca nirjane bhṛśam āvṛtaḥ

4. He, being thus threatened, especially by the sons of Pandu, and also being bereft of his own servants, and greatly surrounded in a desolate place...

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana. (he, that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• तर्ज्यमानः (tarjyamānaḥ) - being threatened, being intimidated

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• पाण्डुपुत्रैः (pāṇḍuputraiḥ) - by the sons of Pandu

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

• विहीनः (vihīnaḥ) - devoid of, bereft of, abandoned

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्वकैः (svakaiḥ) - by one's own, by his own

• भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, by dependents

• निर्जने (nirjane) - Refers to the isolated lake where Duryodhana was hiding. (in a desolate place, in a solitary place)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

तर्ज्यमानः (tarjyamānaḥ) - being threatened, being intimidated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tarjyamāna

tarjyamāna - being threatened, being intimidated

Present Passive Participle

From root 'tarj' (to threaten), passive voice, present participle.

Root: tarj (class 10)

Note: Present Passive Participle, masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

पाण्डुपुत्रैः (pāṇḍuputraiḥ) - by the sons of Pandu

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu, Pandava

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrumental plural, indicating the agent of the passive participle 'tarjyamānaḥ'.

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

(indeclinable)

From 'viśeṣa' (distinction, specialty) with the suffix '-tas'.

Note: Adverb.

विहीनः (vihīnaḥ) - devoid of, bereft of, abandoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihīna

vihīna - devoid of, bereft of, destitute of, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hā' (to abandon, forsake) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Past Passive Participle, masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

स्वकैः (svakaiḥ) - by one's own, by his own

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of svaka

svaka - one's own, peculiar to oneself

Note: Instrumental plural, agreeing with 'bhṛtyaiḥ'.

भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, by dependents

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, attendant, dependent

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support), implies "to be supported" or "one who is supported".

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrumental plural, governing 'vihīnaḥ' (devoid of).

निर्जने (nirjane) - Refers to the isolated lake where Duryodhana was hiding. (in a desolate place, in a solitary place)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nirjana

nirjana - desolate, solitary, uninhabited, lonely place

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nir+jana)

• nir – without, lacking
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative singular, meaning "in a desolate place".

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - surrounded, covered, enveloped, hidden

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, encompass) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Past Passive Participle, masculine nominative singular, agreeing with 'saḥ'.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.