महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-31, verse-36

स भित्त्वा स्तम्भितं तोयं स्कन्धे कृत्वायसीं गदाम् ।
उदतिष्ठत पुत्रस्ते प्रतपन्रश्मिमानिव ॥३६॥

36. sa bhittvā stambhitaṁ toyaṁ skandhe kṛtvāyasīṁ gadām ,
udatiṣṭhata putraste pratapanraśmimāniva.

36. sa bhittvā stambhitam toyam skandhe kṛtvā āyasīm
gadām udatiṣṭhata putraḥ te pratapan raśmimān iva

36. te putraḥ sa stambhitam toyam bhittvā,
āyasīm gadām skandhe kṛtvā,
pratapan raśmimān iva udatiṣṭhata

36. Your son (Duryodhana), having split the still water, rose up placing the iron mace on his shoulder, like the blazing, radiant sun.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that)

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having split, having broken, having pierced

• स्तम्भितम् (stambhitam) - still, unmoving (water) (still, frozen, stopped, supported)

• तोयम् (toyam) - water

• स्कन्धे (skandhe) - on the shoulder, on the trunk (of a tree)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (the mace) (having made, having done, having placed)

• आयसीम् (āyasīm) - iron, made of iron, metallic

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• उदतिष्ठत (udatiṣṭhata) - he rose, he stood up

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

• ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son) (your, of you (singular))

• प्रतपन् (pratapan) - blazing, radiant, shining intensely

• रश्मिमान् (raśmimān) - radiant, possessing rays (like the sun)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having split, having broken, having pierced

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root bhid (to split, break) with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

स्तम्भितम् (stambhitam) - still, unmoving (water) (still, frozen, stopped, supported)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of stambhita

stambhita - stopped, paralyzed, frozen, stiffened, supported

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root stambh (to stop, fix, stiffen).

Root: stambh (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'toyam'.

तोयम् (toyam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water, fluid

स्कन्धे (skandhe) - on the shoulder, on the trunk (of a tree)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of skandha

skandha - shoulder, trunk, branch, section

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (the mace) (having made, having done, having placed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

आयसीम् (āyasīm) - iron, made of iron, metallic

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āyasī

āyasī - made of iron, iron (feminine form)

Feminine form of āyasa (made of iron).

Note: Qualifies 'gadām'.

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

उदतिष्ठत (udatiṣṭhata) - he rose, he stood up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of udatiṣṭhata

imperfect or aorist tense

Imperfect 3rd person singular, or possibly aorist, of root sthā (to stand) with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son) (your, of you (singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form of the 2nd person pronoun.

प्रतपन् (pratapan) - blazing, radiant, shining intensely

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratapat

pratapat - blazing, burning, shining intensely, tormenting

present active participle

Present active participle of root tap (to heat, shine) with prefix prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'raśmimān'.

रश्मिमान् (raśmimān) - radiant, possessing rays (like the sun)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raśmimat

raśmimat - radiant, having rays, luminous, bright

Derived from raśmi (ray of light) with the possessive suffix -mat.

Note: Refers to the sun in this simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)