महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-31, verse-38

गदाहस्तं तु तं दृष्ट्वा सशृङ्गमिव पर्वतम् ।
प्रजानामिव संक्रुद्धं शूलपाणिमवस्थितम् ।
सगदो भारतो भाति प्रतपन्भास्करो यथा ॥३८॥

38. gadāhastaṁ tu taṁ dṛṣṭvā saśṛṅgamiva parvatam ,
prajānāmiva saṁkruddhaṁ śūlapāṇimavasthitam ,
sagado bhārato bhāti pratapanbhāskaro yathā.

38. gadāhastam tu tam dṛṣṭvā sa-śṛṅgam
iva parvatam prajānām iva saṃkruddham
śūlapāṇim avasthitam sa-gadaḥ
bhārataḥ bhāti pratapan bhāskaraḥ yathā

38. tu tam gadāhastam,
sa-śṛṅgam parvatam iva,
prajānām saṃkruddham śūlapāṇim avasthitam iva dṛṣṭvā,
sa-gadaḥ bhārataḥ pratapan bhāskaraḥ yathā bhāti

38. But seeing him with mace in hand, like a mountain with peaks, or like a furious Śūlapāṇi (Śiva) standing before his subjects, that Bhārata (Duryodhana) shone with his mace like the blazing sun.

Words meanings summery:

• गदाहस्तम् (gadāhastam) - having a mace in hand, mace-bearing

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

• तम् (tam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, that (masculine singular))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• स-शृङ्गम् (sa-śṛṅgam) - with peaks (referring to a mountain) (with peaks, having horns)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्वतम् (parvatam) - mountain, rock

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of his subjects (of subjects, of creatures, of people)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संक्रुद्धम् (saṁkruddham) - furious (like Śūlapāṇi) (very angry, enraged, furious)

• शूलपाणिम् (śūlapāṇim) - Śūlapāṇi (an epithet of Śiva) (spear-in-hand, trident-wielding)

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing (before his subjects) (standing, situated, present)

• स-गदः (sa-gadaḥ) - with mace, possessing a mace

• भारतः (bhārataḥ) - Bhārata (referring to Duryodhana) (descendant of Bharata)

• भाति (bhāti) - shines, appears, looks beautiful

• प्रतपन् (pratapan) - blazing, radiant, shining intensely

• भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - the sun, sun-maker

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

गदाहस्तम् (gadāhastam) - having a mace in hand, mace-bearing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gadāhasta

gadāhasta - having a mace in hand, mace-bearer

Compound of gadā (mace) and hasta (hand).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+hasta)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tam'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, that (masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

स-शृङ्गम् (sa-śṛṅgam) - with peaks (referring to a mountain) (with peaks, having horns)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saśṛṅga

saśṛṅga - having horns, having peaks, horned, peaked

Compound of sa (with) and śṛṅga (horn, peak).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śṛṅga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'parvatam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पर्वतम् (parvatam) - mountain, rock

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill, rock

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of his subjects (of subjects, of creatures, of people)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, subjects, people, creatures

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धम् (saṁkruddham) - furious (like Śūlapāṇi) (very angry, enraged, furious)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - enraged, greatly angered, furious

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root krudh (to be angry) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

शूलपाणिम् (śūlapāṇim) - Śūlapāṇi (an epithet of Śiva) (spear-in-hand, trident-wielding)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūlapāṇi

śūlapāṇi - having a spear in hand, spear-bearer (epithet of Śiva)

Compound of śūla (spear, trident) and pāṇi (hand).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śūla+pāṇi)

• śūla – spear, trident, pike
  noun (masculine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - standing (before his subjects) (standing, situated, present)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasthita

avasthita - standing, situated, established, present

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root sthā (to stand) with prefix ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

स-गदः (sa-gadaḥ) - with mace, possessing a mace

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sagada

sagada - with mace, mace-wielding

Compound of sa (with) and gadā (mace).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gadā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'bhārataḥ'.

भारतः (bhārataḥ) - Bhārata (referring to Duryodhana) (descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

Patronymic derived from Bharata.

भाति (bhāti) - shines, appears, looks beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhāti

present tense

Present 3rd person singular of root bhā (to shine).

Root: bhā (class 2)

प्रतपन् (pratapan) - blazing, radiant, shining intensely

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratapat

pratapat - blazing, burning, shining intensely, tormenting

present active participle

Present active participle of root tap (to heat, shine) with prefix prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhāskaraḥ'.

भास्करः (bhāskaraḥ) - the sun, sun-maker

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, sun-maker, producing light

Compound of bhās (light) and kara (maker, producer).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doing, causing
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to make, do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)