महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-9, chapter-31, verse-14
यमाभ्यां युयुधानाद्वा ये चान्ये तव सैनिकाः ।
एकः सर्वानहं क्रुद्धो न तान्योद्धुमिहोत्सहे ॥१४॥
एकः सर्वानहं क्रुद्धो न तान्योद्धुमिहोत्सहे ॥१४॥
14. yamābhyāṁ yuyudhānādvā ye cānye tava sainikāḥ ,
ekaḥ sarvānahaṁ kruddho na tānyoddhumihotsahe.
ekaḥ sarvānahaṁ kruddho na tānyoddhumihotsahe.
14.
yamābhyām yuyudhānāt vā ye ca anye tava sainikāḥ
ekaḥ sarvān aham kruddhaḥ na tān yoddhum iha utsahe
ekaḥ sarvān aham kruddhaḥ na tān yoddhum iha utsahe
14.
vā yamābhyām yuyudhānāt vā ye ca anye tava sainikāḥ
[santi] kruddhaḥ aham ekaḥ tān sarvān iha yoddhum na utsahe
[santi] kruddhaḥ aham ekaḥ tān sarvān iha yoddhum na utsahe
14.
Nor (do I fear) from the two Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva) or from Yuyudhana (Satyaki), or indeed any other soldiers of yours. I, alone and enraged, am not able to fight all of them here (simultaneously).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यमाभ्याम् (yamābhyām) - from Nakula and Sahadeva (the twin Pandava brothers) (from the two Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva))
- युयुधानात् (yuyudhānāt) - from Yuyudhana (Satyaki, a Yadava warrior) (from Yuyudhana (Satyaki))
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- ये (ye) - who, those who (who, which (plural))
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अन्ये (anye) - other (soldiers) (other (plural))
- तव (tava) - your (Yudhishthira's) (your, of you)
- सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers (soldiers, warriors)
- एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (I am alone) (one, single, alone)
- सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (referring to the Pandavas and their allies) (all (masculine plural accusative))
- अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Bhishma) (I)
- क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, furious, angry)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- तान् (tān) - them (all the aforementioned warriors) (them (masculine plural accusative))
- योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight (to fight, to wage war)
- इह (iha) - here (on this battlefield) (here, in this world/place)
- उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able (to fight) (I am able, I dare, I am competent)
Words meanings and morphology
यमाभ्याम् (yamābhyām) - from Nakula and Sahadeva (the twin Pandava brothers) (from the two Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva))
(proper noun)
Ablative, masculine, dual of yama
yama - Yama (god of death), a twin, one of a pair
Refers to the twin Pandavas, Nakula and Sahadeva.
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Source of fear (which the speaker denies having).
युयुधानात् (yuyudhānāt) - from Yuyudhana (Satyaki, a Yadava warrior) (from Yuyudhana (Satyaki))
(proper noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna
yuyudhāna - Yuyudhana (Satyaki), a warrior of the Yadava clan
Intensive form of root yudh (to fight).
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Source of fear (which the speaker denies having).
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
ये (ye) - who, those who (who, which (plural))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Refers to 'sainikāḥ'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अन्ये (anye) - other (soldiers) (other (plural))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Refers to additional soldiers.
तव (tava) - your (Yudhishthira's) (your, of you)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers (soldiers, warriors)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sainika
sainika - soldier, belonging to an army
From senā (army) + ika (suffix).
Note: Subject of the relative clause.
एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (I am alone) (one, single, alone)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of eka
eka - one, single, alone, unique
Note: Modifies 'aham'.
सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (referring to the Pandavas and their allies) (all (masculine plural accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, complete
Note: Object of 'yoddhum'.
अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Bhishma) (I)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I, myself
Note: Subject of 'utsahe'.
क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, furious, angry)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha
kruddha - enraged, angry, furious
Past Passive Participle
From root krudh (to be angry).
Root: krudh (class 4)
Note: Modifies 'aham'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
तान् (tān) - them (all the aforementioned warriors) (them (masculine plural accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Direct object of 'yoddhum'.
योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight (to fight, to wage war)
(verb (infinitive))
Note: Complements 'utsahe'.
इह (iha) - here (on this battlefield) (here, in this world/place)
(indeclinable)
उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able (to fight) (I am able, I dare, I am competent)
(verb)
1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ut-sah
Present tense, first person singular, middle voice
From root sah (class 1) with prefix ut-.
Prefix: ut
Root: sah (class 1)
Note: Expresses capability.