महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-74, verse-52

असंख्येयमपारं च रजोऽऽभीलमतीव च ।
उष्णीषकमठच्छन्नं पताकाफेनमालिनम् ॥५२॥

52. asaṁkhyeyamapāraṁ ca rajo''bhīlamatīva ca ,
uṣṇīṣakamaṭhacchannaṁ patākāphenamālinam.

52. asaṅkhyeyam apāram ca rajaḥ ābhīlam atīva
ca uṣṇīṣakamaṭhacchannam patākāphenamālinam

52. ca asaṅkhyeyam apāram ca atīva ābhīlam
uṣṇīṣakamaṭhacchannam patākāphenamālinam rajaḥ

52. And the dust, innumerable and boundless, exceedingly dreadful, (was) covered by helmets appearing like turtles, and adorned with garlands of banners like foam.

Words meanings summery:

• असङ्ख्येयम् (asaṅkhyeyam) - innumerable, countless

• अपारम् (apāram) - shoreless, boundless, endless

• च (ca) - and

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust, pollen, impurity

• आभीलम् (ābhīlam) - dreadful, terrifying

• अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much

• च (ca) - and

• उष्णीषकमठच्छन्नम् (uṣṇīṣakamaṭhacchannam) - covered by helmets (acting as) turtles

• पताकाफेनमालिनम् (patākāphenamālinam) - having garlands of foam-like banners

Words meanings and morphology

असङ्ख्येयम् (asaṅkhyeyam) - innumerable, countless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asaṅkhyeya

asaṅkhyeya - innumerable, countless

Gerundive/Kṛtya suffix -ya added to saṃ-khyā (to count) with negative prefix a-

Negative prefix 'a' + sam-khyā (countable)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṅkhyeya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• saṅkhyeya – countable, to be numbered
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From sam-khyā (to count)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: khyā (class 2)

अपारम् (apāram) - shoreless, boundless, endless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apāra

apāra - shoreless, boundless, endless

Negative prefix 'a' + pāra (shore, limit)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pāra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• pāra – shore, bank, limit, end
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust, pollen, impurity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, gloom, passion, menstrual fluid

आभीलम् (ābhīlam) - dreadful, terrifying

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ābhīla

ābhīla - dreadful, terrible, terrifying

अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

Compound: ati (beyond) + iva (like, as) or derived from root ati-i

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उष्णीषकमठच्छन्नम् (uṣṇīṣakamaṭhacchannam) - covered by helmets (acting as) turtles

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uṣṇīṣakamaṭhacchanna

uṣṇīṣakamaṭhacchanna - covered by helmets resembling turtles

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (uṣṇīṣa+kamaṭha+channa)

• uṣṇīṣa – turban, helmet, diadem
  noun (masculine)
• kamaṭha – turtle, tortoise
  noun (masculine)
• channa – covered, concealed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root chad- (to cover) + kta suffix, with lengthening of 'a'
  Root: chad (class 10)

पताकाफेनमालिनम् (patākāphenamālinam) - having garlands of foam-like banners

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of patākāphenamālin

patākāphenamālin - having garlands of foam-like banners

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (patākā+phena+mālin)

• patākā – banner, flag
  noun (feminine)
• phena – foam, froth
  noun (masculine)
• mālin – wearing a garland, having a wreath
  adjective (masculine)
  From mālā (garland) with -in suffix