महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-74, verse-43

तमेकं रथवंशेन महता पर्यवारयन् ।
विकर्षन्तश्च चापानि विसृजन्तश्च सायकान् ॥४३॥

43. tamekaṁ rathavaṁśena mahatā paryavārayan ,
vikarṣantaśca cāpāni visṛjantaśca sāyakān.

43. tam ekam ratha-vaṃśena mahatā pari avārayan
vikarṣantaḥ ca cāpāni visṛjantaḥ ca sāyakān

43. te mahatā ratha-vaṃśena tam ekam paryavārayan
ca cāpāni vikarṣantaḥ ca sāyakān visṛjantaḥ

43. With a large formation of chariots, they encircled that single one (Arjuna), drawing their bows and letting loose arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

• एकम् (ekam) - the single one (Arjuna) (one, single)

• रथ-वंशेन (ratha-vaṁśena) - by a multitude of chariots, by a line of chariots

• महता (mahatā) - by a great, by a large

• परि (pari) - around, completely, thoroughly

• अवारयन् (avārayan) - they surrounded, they enclosed, they averted

• विकर्षन्तः (vikarṣantaḥ) - pulling, drawing back (a bow)

• च (ca) - and, also

• चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

• विसृजन्तः (visṛjantaḥ) - releasing, shooting forth, emitting

• च (ca) - and, also

• सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एकम् (ekam) - the single one (Arjuna) (one, single)

(numeral)

रथ-वंशेन (ratha-vaṁśena) - by a multitude of chariots, by a line of chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha-vaṃśa

ratha-vaṁśa - line of chariots, multitude of chariots, array of chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – bamboo, lineage, race, family, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)

महता (mahatā) - by a great, by a large

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, extensive, important

परि (pari) - around, completely, thoroughly

(indeclinable)

अवारयन् (avārayan) - they surrounded, they enclosed, they averted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛ

causative

Imperfect 3rd plural active causative of root vṛ

Root: vṛ (class 5)

विकर्षन्तः (vikarṣantaḥ) - pulling, drawing back (a bow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikarṣant

vikarṣant - pulling back, drawing (a bowstring)

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root kṛṣ with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चापानि (cāpāni) - bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arch

विसृजन्तः (visṛjantaḥ) - releasing, shooting forth, emitting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of visṛjant

visṛjant - releasing, emitting, shooting, abandoning

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root sṛj with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile