महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-25, verse-57

ततो ध्वनिर्द्विरदरथाश्वपार्थिवैर्भयाद्द्रवद्भिर्जनितोऽतिभैरवः ।
क्षितिं वियद्द्यां विदिशो दिशस्तथा समावृणोत्पार्थिव संयुगे तदा ॥५७॥

57. tato dhvanirdviradarathāśvapārthivai;rbhayāddravadbhirjanito'tibhairavaḥ ,
kṣitiṁ viyaddyāṁ vidiśo diśastathā; samāvṛṇotpārthiva saṁyuge tadā.

57. tataḥ dhvaniḥ dviradarathāśvapārthivaiḥ
bhayāt dravadbhiḥ janitaḥ atibhairavaḥ
| kṣitim viyat dyām vidiśaḥ diśaḥ
tathā samāvṛṇot pārthiva saṃyuge tadā

57. pārthiva,
tadā saṃyuge bhayāt dravadbhiḥ dviradarathāśvapārthivaiḥ janitaḥ atibhairavaḥ dhvaniḥ tataḥ kṣitim viyat dyām vidiśaḥ diśaḥ tathā samāvṛṇot

57. O king, then a tremendously terrifying sound, generated by the elephants, chariots, horses, and kings fleeing in fear in that battle, enveloped the earth, the sky, the heavens, and all the main and intermediate directions.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereafter

• ध्वनिः (dhvaniḥ) - sound, noise, roar

• द्विरदरथाश्वपार्थिवैः (dviradarathāśvapārthivaiḥ) - by elephants, chariots, horses, and kings

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• द्रवद्भिः (dravadbhiḥ) - by those fleeing, by those running

• जनितः (janitaḥ) - generated, produced, caused

• अतिभैरवः (atibhairavaḥ) - extremely terrifying, very dreadful

• क्षितिम् (kṣitim) - the earth

• वियत् (viyat) - the sky, atmosphere

• द्याम् (dyām) - the heavens, sky

• विदिशः (vidiśaḥ) - the intermediate directions

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - the cardinal directions (the directions)

• तथा (tathā) - used as 'and' here (and, also, thus)

• समावृणोत् (samāvṛṇot) - he enveloped, covered, pervaded

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + tas (suffix for origin)

ध्वनिः (dhvaniḥ) - sound, noise, roar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhvani

dhvani - sound, noise, tone

From root dhvan (to sound)

Root: dhvan (class 1)

Note: Subject of samāvṛṇot.

द्विरदरथाश्वपार्थिवैः (dviradarathāśvapārthivaiḥ) - by elephants, chariots, horses, and kings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dviradarathāśvapārthiva

dviradarathāśvapārthiva - (consisting of) elephants, chariots, horses, and kings

Dvandva compound listing four types of combatants/elements of an army

Compound type : dvandva (dvirada+ratha+aśva+pārthiva)

• dvirada – elephant (having two tusks)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'dvi' (two) + 'rada' (tusk)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• pārthiva – king, earthly ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derivative of pṛthivī (earth)

Note: Agent of janitaḥ.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Indicates the cause of "dravadbhiḥ" (fleeing).

द्रवद्भिः (dravadbhiḥ) - by those fleeing, by those running

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dravat

dravat - fleeing, running, flowing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root dru (to run, to flee)

Root: dru (class 1)

जनितः (janitaḥ) - generated, produced, caused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janita

janita - generated, produced, caused, born

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root jan (to be born, to produce)

Root: jan (class 4)

अतिभैरवः (atibhairavaḥ) - extremely terrifying, very dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atibhairava

atibhairava - extremely terrifying, very dreadful

Compound of ati (very, exceedingly) and bhairava (terrifying)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+bhairava)

• ati – excessive, very, over
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'over, beyond, excessively'
• bhairava – terrifying, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies dhvaniḥ.

क्षितिम् (kṣitim) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, habitation

Root: kṣi

Note: Object of samāvṛṇot.

वियत् (viyat) - the sky, atmosphere

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viyat

viyat - sky, atmosphere, space

From prefix vi + root i (to go) + suffix at, (present participle of vi-i)

Prefix: vi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of samāvṛṇot.

द्याम् (dyām) - the heavens, sky

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dyu

dyu - heaven, sky, lustre

Root: div

Note: Object of samāvṛṇot.

विदिशः (vidiśaḥ) - the intermediate directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vidiś

vidiś - intermediate direction (e.g., northeast)

Compound of vi (apart) and diś (direction)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vi+diś)

• vi – apart, asunder, different
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• diś – direction, quarter
  noun (feminine)
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of samāvṛṇot.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - the cardinal directions (the directions)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region

From root diś (to point out)

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of samāvṛṇot.

तथा (tathā) - used as 'and' here (and, also, thus)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + thā (suffix for manner)

समावृणोत् (samāvṛṇot) - he enveloped, covered, pervaded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛ

Imperfect tense

Root vṛ with prefixes sam and ā, imperfect tense (laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, earthly ruler

Derivative of pṛthivī (earth)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, engagement

From prefix sam + root yuj (to join)

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + dā (suffix for time)