महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-25, verse-28

ततो राजा दशार्णानां प्राग्ज्योतिषमुपाद्रवत् ।
तिर्यग्यातेन नागेन समदेनाशुगामिना ॥२८॥

28. tato rājā daśārṇānāṁ prāgjyotiṣamupādravat ,
tiryagyātena nāgena samadenāśugāminā.

28. tataḥ rājā daśārṇānām prāgjyotiṣam upādravat
tiryak-yātena nāgena samadena āśu-gāminā

28. tataḥ daśārṇānām rājā tiryak-yātena samadena
āśu-gāminā nāgena prāgjyotiṣam upādravat

28. Then the king of the Daśārṇas rushed towards the king of Pragjyotiṣa (Bhagadatta) with his intoxicated, swift-moving elephant that was advancing sideways.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• दशार्णानाम् (daśārṇānām) - of the Daśārṇas (people/country)

• प्राग्ज्योतिषम् (prāgjyotiṣam) - towards the king of Pragjyotiṣa (Bhagadatta) (towards Pragjyotiṣa (a country); the king of Pragjyotiṣa)

• उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - he rushed towards, attacked

• तिर्यक्-यातेन (tiryak-yātena) - by that which has gone sideways, by that which moves obliquely

• नागेन (nāgena) - by an elephant, with an elephant

• समदेन (samadena) - by an intoxicated (elephant) (by an intoxicated one, with rut, furious)

• आशु-गामिना (āśu-gāminā) - by a swift-moving (elephant) (by a swift-moving one, by a quickly moving one)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

दशार्णानाम् (daśārṇānām) - of the Daśārṇas (people/country)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of daśārṇa

daśārṇa - Daśārṇa (name of a country and its people)

प्राग्ज्योतिषम् (prāgjyotiṣam) - towards the king of Pragjyotiṣa (Bhagadatta) (towards Pragjyotiṣa (a country); the king of Pragjyotiṣa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāgjyotiṣa

prāgjyotiṣa - Pragjyotiṣa (name of an ancient kingdom in India, Assam region); a resident or king of Pragjyotiṣa

उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - he rushed towards, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Verb form: Imperfect 3rd person singular with prefixes `upa-` and `ā-`

तिर्यक्-यातेन (tiryak-yātena) - by that which has gone sideways, by that which moves obliquely

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tiryak-yāta

tiryak-yāta - gone sideways, moving obliquely/transversely

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tiryak+yāta)

• tiryak – oblique, sideways, horizontal; an animal
  indeclinable
• yāta – gone, moved, marched
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `yā` (to go, to move)
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies `nāgena`

नागेन (nāgena) - by an elephant, with an elephant

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake; elephant; a class of mythical beings

समदेन (samadena) - by an intoxicated (elephant) (by an intoxicated one, with rut, furious)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samada

samada - intoxicated, furious, with rut (referring to an elephant)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+mada)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• mada – intoxication, rut (of an elephant), arrogance, joy
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Modifies `nāgena`

आशु-गामिना (āśu-gāminā) - by a swift-moving (elephant) (by a swift-moving one, by a quickly moving one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of āśu-gāmin

āśu-gāmin - swift-moving, fast-going

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśu+gāmin)

• āśu – quick, swift, speedy
  adjective (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving, proceeding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Participle suffix -in
  Derived from root `gam` (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies `nāgena`