महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-25, verse-34

मण्डलं सर्वतः श्लिष्टं रथिनामुग्रधन्विनाम् ।
किरतां शरवर्षाणि स नागः पर्यवर्तत ॥३४॥

34. maṇḍalaṁ sarvataḥ śliṣṭaṁ rathināmugradhanvinām ,
kiratāṁ śaravarṣāṇi sa nāgaḥ paryavartata.

34. maṇḍalam sarvataḥ śliṣṭam rathinām ugradhanvinām
kiratām śaravarṣāṇi sa nāgaḥ paryavartata

34. sa nāgaḥ sarvataḥ ugradhanvinām rathinām
śaravarṣāṇi kiratām śliṣṭam maṇḍalam paryavartata

34. The elephant (nāga) turned around amidst a dense formation of fierce archers and charioteers, who were showering torrents of arrows from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• मण्डलम् (maṇḍalam) - formation (of chariots/archers) (circle, disc, region, formation)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

• श्लिष्टम् (śliṣṭam) - dense, crowded (referring to the formation) (joined, crowded, dense, embraced)

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• उग्रधन्विनाम् (ugradhanvinām) - of fierce archers

• किरताम् (kiratām) - (of charioteers and archers) showering (of those showering/scattering)

• शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - torrents of arrows (showers of arrows)

• स (sa) - that (referring to the elephant) (he, that)

• नागः (nāgaḥ) - elephant (snake, elephant, mountain)

• पर्यवर्तत (paryavartata) - circled around, turned around (turned around, circled)

Words meanings and morphology

मण्डलम् (maṇḍalam) - formation (of chariots/archers) (circle, disc, region, formation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maṇḍala

maṇḍala - circle, disc, region, territory, orbit, formation

Note: Accusative case can indicate the extent or circumstance of an action.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

Derived from sarva (all) + tas suffix.

श्लिष्टम् (śliṣṭam) - dense, crowded (referring to the formation) (joined, crowded, dense, embraced)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śliṣṭa

śliṣṭa - joined, embraced, crowded, dense, coherent

Past Passive Participle

From root śliṣ (to join, embrace).

Root: śliṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with maṇḍalam.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, possessor of a chariot

From ratha (chariot) + in (possessing).

Note: Possessive, describing the maṇḍalam.

उग्रधन्विनाम् (ugradhanvinām) - of fierce archers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ugradhanvin

ugradhanvin - a fierce archer, one with a mighty bow

Compound of ugra (fierce) and dhanvin (archer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ugra+dhanvin)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, powerful
  adjective (masculine)
• dhanvin – archer, possessing a bow
  noun (masculine)
  From dhanus (bow) + in (possessing).

Note: Agrees with rathinām.

किरताम् (kiratām) - (of charioteers and archers) showering (of those showering/scattering)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kirat

kirat - showering, scattering, casting

Present Active Participle

From root kṛ (to scatter, throw) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with rathinām and ugradhanvinām.

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - torrents of arrows (showers of arrows)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound of śara (arrow) and varṣa (rain).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (masculine)
  From root vṛṣ (to rain).
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of kiratām.

स (sa) - that (referring to the elephant) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to nāgaḥ.

नागः (nāgaḥ) - elephant (snake, elephant, mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - snake, serpent, elephant, mountain, a particular ethnic group

Note: Subject of paryavartata.

पर्यवर्तत (paryavartata) - circled around, turned around (turned around, circled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect Middle

From root vṛt (to turn, revolve) with prefix pari (around) and ava (down, away).

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.