महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-25, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
तथा तेषु निवृत्तेषु प्रत्युद्यातेषु भागशः ।
स्वयमभ्यद्रवद्भीमं नागानीकेन ते सुतः ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tathā teṣu nivṛtteṣu pratyudyāteṣu bhāgaśaḥ ,
svayamabhyadravadbhīmaṁ nāgānīkena te sutaḥ.

3. sañjaya uvāca tathā teṣu nivṛtteṣu pratyudyāteṣu
bhāgaśaḥ svayam abhyadravat bhīmam nāgānīkena te sutaḥ

3. sañjaya uvāca tathā teṣu nivṛtteṣu bhāgaśaḥ pratyudyāteṣu
(satsu) te sutaḥ svayam nāgānīkena bhīmam abhyadravat

3. Sañjaya said: When those (warriors) had thus retreated and were being pursued in sections, your son himself advanced against Bhīma with his elephant army.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (thus, so, in that manner)

• तेषु (teṣu) - (when) those (warriors) (in them, among them)

• निवृत्तेषु (nivṛtteṣu) - having retreated (having retreated, returned, ceased)

• प्रत्युद्यातेषु (pratyudyāteṣu) - being pursued (having been pursued, having been met)

• भागशः (bhāgaśaḥ) - in sections (in parts, in sections, individually)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, by oneself, personally)

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he advanced against, he attacked (he ran towards, he attacked)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava prince))

• नागानीकेन (nāgānīkena) - with his elephant army (by the elephant army)

• ते (te) - your (your (genitive/dative of yuṣmad))

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense form of root 'vac' (2nd class, adādi)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense verb.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb indicating manner.

तेषु (teṣu) - (when) those (warriors) (in them, among them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the warriors, forming a locative absolute construction.

निवृत्तेषु (nivṛtteṣu) - having retreated (having retreated, returned, ceased)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - retreated, turned back, ceased

Past Passive Participle

Root 'vṛt' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Participle in locative absolute, agreeing with 'teṣu'.

प्रत्युद्यातेषु (pratyudyāteṣu) - being pursued (having been pursued, having been met)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of pratyudyāta

pratyudyāta - pursued, encountered, met

Past Passive Participle

Root 'yā' with prefixes 'prati' and 'ud'

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Participle in locative absolute, agreeing with 'teṣu'.

भागशः (bhāgaśaḥ) - in sections (in parts, in sections, individually)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -śas (denoting 'by way of')

Note: Adverb indicating manner.

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, by oneself, personally)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizing the subject.

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he advanced against, he attacked (he ran towards, he attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of drav

root 'drav' (1st class, bhvādi) with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: drav (class 1)

Note: Verb from root 'drav' with prefix 'abhi'.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma (Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava prince))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of a Pāṇḍava prince), terrible, dreadful

Note: Object of the verb 'abhyadravat'.

नागानीकेन (nāgānīkena) - with his elephant army (by the elephant army)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāgānīka

nāgānīka - elephant army, array of elephants

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+anīka)

• nāga – snake, elephant, mountain
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, face
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument by which the action is performed.

ते (te) - your (your (genitive/dative of yuṣmad))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic genitive pronoun, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born

Note: Subject of 'abhyadravat', refers to Duryodhana.