महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-51

सौमदत्तिस्तु राजानं मणिमन्तमतन्द्रितम् ।
पर्यवारयदायान्तं यशो द्रोणस्य वर्धयन् ॥५१॥

51. saumadattistu rājānaṁ maṇimantamatandritam ,
paryavārayadāyāntaṁ yaśo droṇasya vardhayan.

51. saumadattiḥ tu rājānam maṇimantam atandritam
paryavārayat āyāntam yaśaḥ droṇasya vardhayan

51. tu saumadattiḥ atandritam āyāntam rājānam
maṇimantam paryavārayat droṇasya yaśaḥ vardhayan

51. But Saumadatti (Bhuriśravas), vigilant and unwearied, surrounded King Maṇimat as he approached, thereby augmenting Droṇa's fame.

Words meanings summery:

• सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - son of Somadatta, Bhuriśravas

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king, ruler

• मणिमन्तम् (maṇimantam) - Refers to King Maṇimat. (having jewels; Maṇimat (proper name))

• अतन्द्रितम् (atandritam) - unwearied, vigilant, active

• पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - he surrounded, he encompassed, he besieged

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching, arriving

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown, splendor

• द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - Refers to Droṇa, the revered preceptor (guru) in the Mahābhārata. (of Droṇa)

• वर्धयन् (vardhayan) - increasing, augmenting, causing to grow

Words meanings and morphology

सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - son of Somadatta, Bhuriśravas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumadatti

saumadatti - son of Somadatta; Bhuriśravas (a Kaurava warrior)

Patronymic derived from `somadatta` (Somadatta) + `i` (patronymic suffix). `i-stem` noun.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

राजानम् (rājānam) - king, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

`n-stem` noun.

Root: √rāj (class 1)

मणिमन्तम् (maṇimantam) - Refers to King Maṇimat. (having jewels; Maṇimat (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maṇimat

maṇimat - adorned with jewels; Maṇimat (name of a king, a mythical being, or an epithet)

Derived from `maṇi` (jewel) + `matup` (possessive suffix). `t-stem` noun.

Note: Also functions as an adjective meaning 'jeweled' or 'possessing jewels'.

अतन्द्रितम् (atandritam) - unwearied, vigilant, active

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atandrita

atandrita - unwearied, vigilant, diligent, not sluggish, alert

`a` (not) + `tandrita` (wearied/sluggish, past passive participle of `√tandr`).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tandrita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• tandrita – wearied, sluggish, exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root `√tandr` (to be weary, to slacken) + `kta` suffix.
  Root: √tandr (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `rājānam maṇimantam`.

पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - he surrounded, he encompassed, he besieged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryavṛ

Imperfect Active 3rd Singular

Formed from `pari` (around) + `ava` (down, off) + root `√vṛ` (to cover, encompass). Causative stem `vāraya`.

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: √vṛ (class 5)

Note: The subject is `saumadattiḥ`.

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching, arriving

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānta

āyānta - coming, approaching, arrived, present

Present Active Participle

Formed from `ā` (towards) + root `√yā` (to go) + `śatṛ` suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: √yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `rājānam maṇimantam`.

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown, splendor

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, splendor, honor

`s-stem` noun.

Note: Object of `vardhayan`.

द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - Refers to Droṇa, the revered preceptor (guru) in the Mahābhārata. (of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a warrior and teacher); a measure; a trough; a bucket.

वर्धयन् (vardhayan) - increasing, augmenting, causing to grow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vardhayat

vardhayat - increasing, causing to grow, strengthening, furthering

Present Active Participle

Formed from the causative stem `vardhaya` of `√vṛdh` (to grow) + `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `saumadattiḥ`.