महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-2

तैश्चोद्धूतं रजस्तीव्रमवचक्रे चमूं तव ।
ततो हतममन्याम द्रोणं दृष्टिपथे हते ॥२॥

2. taiścoddhūtaṁ rajastīvramavacakre camūṁ tava ,
tato hatamamanyāma droṇaṁ dṛṣṭipathe hate.

2. taiḥ ca uddhūtam rajaḥ tīvram avacakre camūm
tava tataḥ hatam amanyāma droṇam dṛṣṭipathe hate

2. ca taiḥ uddhūtam tīvram rajaḥ tava camūm avacakre
tataḥ dṛṣṭipathe hate droṇam hatam amanyāma

2. And the fierce dust raised by them enveloped your army. Then, when he was struck from our sight, we considered Droṇa slain.

Words meanings summery:

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Pāṇḍavas) (by them (instrumental masculine/neuter plural))

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• उद्धूतम् (uddhūtam) - raised (raised, stirred up (neuter singular))

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (dust, dirt, passion (neuter singular))

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - fierce (fierce, intense, violent (neuter singular))

• अवचक्रे (avacakre) - enveloped (it enveloped, covered, seized)

• चमूम् (camūm) - your army (army, host (accusative feminine singular))

• तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, of you)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, therefore)

• हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed, struck (neuter singular))

• अमन्याम (amanyāma) - we thought, we believed

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa (the guru and warrior) (Droṇa (accusative singular))

• दृष्टिपथे (dṛṣṭipathe) - from our sight (in the path of sight, in view)

• हते (hate) - when (he was) struck (from sight) (when struck, killed, destroyed (locative masculine singular))

Words meanings and morphology

तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Pāṇḍavas) (by them (instrumental masculine/neuter plural))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

उद्धूतम् (uddhūtam) - raised (raised, stirred up (neuter singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uddhūta

uddhūta - raised, shaken, agitated, stirred up

Past Passive Participle

ud + dhū (to shake) + kta (passive participle)

Prefix: ud

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (dust, dirt, passion (neuter singular))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, pollen; passion, quality of activity (in Sāṃkhya philosophy)

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - fierce (fierce, intense, violent (neuter singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - fierce, intense, violent, sharp, keen

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'

अवचक्रे (avacakre) - enveloped (it enveloped, covered, seized)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of ava-kṛ

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

चमूम् (camūm) - your army (army, host (accusative feminine singular))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, battalion

तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + suffix -tas

हतम् (hatam) - slain (slain, killed, struck (neuter singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

root han (to strike, kill) + kta (passive participle)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇam' (accusative masculine singular)

अमन्याम (amanyāma) - we thought, we believed

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa (the guru and warrior) (Droṇa (accusative singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a teacher/warrior); a measure of grain; a bucket

दृष्टिपथे (dṛṣṭipathe) - from our sight (in the path of sight, in view)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭipatha

dṛṣṭipatha - path of sight, range of vision, horizon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭi+patha)

• dṛṣṭi – sight, vision, eye
  noun (feminine)
  root dṛś (to see) + ti (kṛt suffix)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)

हते (hate) - when (he was) struck (from sight) (when struck, killed, destroyed (locative masculine singular))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

root han (to strike, kill) + kta (passive participle)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'dṛṣṭipathe', literally 'when the path of sight was struck/destroyed'.