महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-48

तमम्बष्ठोऽस्थिभेदिन्या निरविध्यच्छलाकया ।
स त्यक्त्वा सशरं चापं रथाद्भूमिमथापतत् ॥४८॥

48. tamambaṣṭho'sthibhedinyā niravidhyacchalākayā ,
sa tyaktvā saśaraṁ cāpaṁ rathādbhūmimathāpatat.

48. tam ambaṣṭhaḥ asthibhedinyā niravidhyat śalākayā
saḥ tyaktvā saśaram cāpam rathāt bhūmim atha apatat

48. ambaṣṭhaḥ tam asthibhedinyā śalākayā niravidhyat
saḥ saśaram cāpam tyaktvā atha rathāt bhūmim apatat

48. Ambaṣṭha pierced him with a bone-piercing dart. He, having abandoned his bow and arrows, then fell from his chariot to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine singular)

• अम्बष्ठः (ambaṣṭhaḥ) - Ambaṣṭha (name of a king)

• अस्थिभेदिन्या (asthibhedinyā) - with a bone-piercing dart or javelin (implied from śalākā) (with a bone-piercing (weapon))

• निरविध्यत् (niravidhyat) - pierced, struck through

• शलाकया (śalākayā) - with a dart, javelin, spike, thin arrow

• सः (saḥ) - he

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left

• सशरम् (saśaram) - with arrows, having arrows

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - to the ground, to the earth

• अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell down

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अम्बष्ठः (ambaṣṭhaḥ) - Ambaṣṭha (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambaṣṭha

ambaṣṭha - name of a king or people

अस्थिभेदिन्या (asthibhedinyā) - with a bone-piercing dart or javelin (implied from śalākā) (with a bone-piercing (weapon))

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of asthibhedinī

asthibhedin - bone-piercing

formed from asthi (bone) and √bhid (to break, pierce) + -in suffix

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (asthi+bhedin)

• asthi – bone
  noun (neuter)
• bhedin – breaking, splitting, piercing, one who breaks/pierces
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  from √bhid
  Root: bhid (class 7)

निरविध्यत् (niravidhyat) - pierced, struck through

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √vyadh

Imperfect 3rd singular active of √vyadh (class 4) with prefix nis

Prefix: nis

Root: vyadh (class 4)

शलाकया (śalākayā) - with a dart, javelin, spike, thin arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śalākā

śalākā - dart, spike, javelin, rod

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from √tyaj (class 1)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सशरम् (saśaram) - with arrows, having arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saśara

saśara - with arrows, possessing arrows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+śara)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arc

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - to the ground, to the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

अथ (atha) - then, next, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अपतत् (apatat) - fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √pat

Imperfect 3rd singular active of √pat (class 1)

Root: pat (class 1)