महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-10

सैन्धवः क्षत्रधर्माणमापतन्तं शरौघिणम् ।
उग्रधन्वा महेष्वासं यत्तो द्रोणादवारयत् ॥१०॥

10. saindhavaḥ kṣatradharmāṇamāpatantaṁ śaraughiṇam ,
ugradhanvā maheṣvāsaṁ yatto droṇādavārayat.

10. saindhavaḥ kṣatradharmāṇam āpatantam śaraughiṇam
ugradhanvā maheṣvāsam yattaḥ droṇāt avārayat

10. ugradhanvā yattaḥ saindhavaḥ droṇāt kṣatradharmāṇam
āpatantam śaraughiṇam maheṣvāsam avārayat

10. The king of Sindhu (Jayadratha), wielding a fierce bow (ugradhanvā) and being diligent (yatta), kept away from Droṇa that great archer (maheṣvāsa) who was embodying the warrior's code (kṣatra-dharma), attacking, and showering arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha (the king of Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu (Jayadratha))

• क्षत्रधर्माणम् (kṣatradharmāṇam) - one embodying the warrior's code (kṣatra-dharma) (one whose dharma (natural law) is that of a kṣatriya, one following the warrior's code)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - attacking, falling upon, coming

• शरौघिणम् (śaraughiṇam) - showering arrows, having volleys of arrows

• उग्रधन्वा (ugradhanvā) - having a fierce bow

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer, having a great bow

• यत्तः (yattaḥ) - resolute, diligent (Jayadratha) (striving, diligent, restrained, careful)

• द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Drona

• अवारयत् (avārayat) - he stopped, he checked, he kept away

Words meanings and morphology

सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha (the king of Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu (Jayadratha))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to Sindhu, king of Sindhu, a horse of Sindhu

Derived from Sindhu

क्षत्रधर्माणम् (kṣatradharmāṇam) - one embodying the warrior's code (kṣatra-dharma) (one whose dharma (natural law) is that of a kṣatriya, one following the warrior's code)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharman

kṣatradharman - one whose natural law (dharma) is that of a warrior, one whose duty is kṣatriya's

Compound of 'kṣatra' (warrior class) and 'dharman' (dharma, natural law/duty)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṣatra+dharman)

• kṣatra – warrior class, dominion, rule
  noun (neuter)
• dharman – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - attacking, falling upon, coming

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatant

āpatant - attacking, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of ā-√pat (to fall, to rush at)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

शरौघिणम् (śaraughiṇam) - showering arrows, having volleys of arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaraughin

śaraughin - having showers of arrows, discharging volleys of arrows

Agent Noun/Adjective

From śaraugha (shower of arrows) + -in suffix

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – stream, flood, mass, multitude
  noun (masculine)

उग्रधन्वा (ugradhanvā) - having a fierce bow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ugradhanvan

ugradhanvan - having a formidable bow, fierce-bowed

Bahuvrihi compound 'ugra' (fierce) + 'dhanvan' (bow)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ugra+dhanvan)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer, having a great bow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'iṣvāsa' (bow, archer)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)
  From iṣu (arrow) + āsa (throwing, shooter from as 'to throw')
  Prefix: ā
  Root: as (class 4)

यत्तः (yattaḥ) - resolute, diligent (Jayadratha) (striving, diligent, restrained, careful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatta

yatta - striving, diligent, careful, restrained

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root yat (to strive, be diligent)

Root: yat (class 1)

द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Drona

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name)

अवारयत् (avārayat) - he stopped, he checked, he kept away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avāra

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular of √vṛ (to ward off, restrain), causative form

Root: vṛ (class 9)