महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-29

तिष्ठन्तमग्रतो दृष्ट्वा प्रतिविन्ध्यं तमाहवे ।
द्रौणिर्मानं पितुः कुर्वन्मार्गणैः समवारयत् ॥२९॥

29. tiṣṭhantamagrato dṛṣṭvā prativindhyaṁ tamāhave ,
drauṇirmānaṁ pituḥ kurvanmārgaṇaiḥ samavārayat.

29. tiṣṭhantam agrataḥ dṛṣṭvā prativindhyam tam āhave
drauṇiḥ mānam pituḥ kurvan mārgaṇaiḥ samavārayat

29. drauṇiḥ pituḥ mānam kurvan āhave agrataḥ tiṣṭhantam
tam prativindhyam dṛṣṭvā mārgaṇaiḥ samavārayat

29. Having seen Prativindhya standing before him in battle, Drauni (Ashwatthama), honoring his father, stopped him with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - standing (before him) (standing, remaining)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front (of him) (in front, before, ahead)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• प्रतिविन्ध्यम् (prativindhyam) - Prativindhya (the eldest son of Yudhishthira) (Prativindhya (proper noun))

• तम् (tam) - him (Prativindhya) (him, that)

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauni (Ashwatthama) (son of Drona, Drauni)

• मानम् (mānam) - honor (honor, respect, pride)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Drona) (of the father, from the father)

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - honoring, upholding (doing, making, performing)

• मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - by arrows (by arrows, by seekers)

• समवारयत् (samavārayat) - stopped (him) (stopped completely, restrained)

Words meanings and morphology

तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - standing (before him) (standing, remaining)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, remaining, being

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Prativindhyam and tam.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front (of him) (in front, before, ahead)

(indeclinable)

From 'agra' (front) + 'tas' suffix (indicating 'from' or 'in').

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

प्रतिविन्ध्यम् (prativindhyam) - Prativindhya (the eldest son of Yudhishthira) (Prativindhya (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prativindhya

prativindhya - Prativindhya (a proper name)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

तम् (tam) - him (Prativindhya) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with Prativindhyam.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat

From root 'hve' (to call) with 'ā' (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drauni (Ashwatthama) (son of Drona, Drauni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona, a patronymic

From 'droṇa' (Drona) + 'i' (patronymic suffix).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मानम् (mānam) - honor (honor, respect, pride)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māna

māna - honor, respect, pride, measure

From root 'man' (to think, respect).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'kurvan'.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Drona) (of the father, from the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Qualifies mānam.

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - honoring, upholding (doing, making, performing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat

kurvat - doing, making, performing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मार्गणैः (mārgaṇaiḥ) - by arrows (by arrows, by seekers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mārgaṇa

mārgaṇa - arrow, seeker, beggar

From root 'mṛg' (to seek, hunt).

Root: mṛg (class 2)

Note: Means of stopping.

समवारयत् (samavārayat) - stopped (him) (stopped completely, restrained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samavāray

Causative

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to choose, cover) with prefixes 'sam' (together, completely) and 'ava' (down).

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)