महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-30

तं क्रुद्धः प्रतिविव्याध प्रतिविन्ध्यः शितैः शरैः ।
सिंहलाङ्गूललक्ष्माणं पितुरर्थे व्यवस्थितम् ॥३०॥

30. taṁ kruddhaḥ prativivyādha prativindhyaḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
siṁhalāṅgūlalakṣmāṇaṁ piturarthe vyavasthitam.

30. tam kruddhaḥ prativivyādha prativindhyaḥ śitaiḥ
śaraiḥ siṃhalāṅgūlalakṣmāṇam pituḥ arthe vyavasthitam

30. kruddhaḥ prativindhyaḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ pituḥ arthe
vyavasthitam siṃhalāṅgūlalakṣmāṇam tam prativivyādha

30. Enraged, Prativindhya, with sharp arrows, counter-pierced him (Drauni), who bore the mark of a lion's tail emblem and stood firm for his father's cause.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Drauni) (him, that)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

• प्रतिविव्याध (prativivyādha) - counter-pierced (pierced in return, counter-pierced)

• प्रतिविन्ध्यः (prativindhyaḥ) - Prativindhya (the eldest son of Yudhishthira) (Prativindhya (proper noun))

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp (by sharp, by keen)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• सिंहलाङ्गूललक्ष्माणम् (siṁhalāṅgūlalakṣmāṇam) - bearing the mark of a lion's tail emblem (bearing the mark of a lion's tail)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Drona) (of the father, from the father)

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the cause of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

• व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - stood firm (for his father) (stationed, standing firm, established)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Drauni) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of prativivyādha.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, provoked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

प्रतिविव्याध (prativivyādha) - counter-pierced (pierced in return, counter-pierced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prativyadh

Derived from root 'vyadh' (to pierce) with prefix 'prati' (back, against).

Prefix: prati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

प्रतिविन्ध्यः (prativindhyaḥ) - Prativindhya (the eldest son of Yudhishthira) (Prativindhya (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prativindhya

prativindhya - Prativindhya (a proper name)

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp (by sharp, by keen)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, keen, pointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śo' (to sharpen).

Root: śo (class 4)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

From root 'śṛ' (to injure, break).

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Means of action.

सिंहलाङ्गूललक्ष्माणम् (siṁhalāṅgūlalakṣmāṇam) - bearing the mark of a lion's tail emblem (bearing the mark of a lion's tail)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃhalāṅgūlalakṣman

siṁhalāṅgūlalakṣman - having the sign/mark of a lion's tail

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (siṃha+lāṅgūla+lakṣman)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• lāṅgūla – tail
  noun (neuter)
• lakṣman – mark, sign, characteristic
  noun (neuter)
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with tam (Drauni).

पितुः (pituḥ) - of his father (Drona) (of the father, from the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Qualifies arthe.

अर्थे (arthe) - for the cause of (for the sake of, for the purpose of, in the matter of)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, cause, wealth

Note: Indicates purpose.

व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - stood firm (for his father) (stationed, standing firm, established)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - standing, situated, established, firm, determined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefixes 'vi' (apart, thoroughly) and 'ava' (down).

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)