महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
महद्भैरवमासीन्नः संनिवृत्तेषु पाण्डुषु ।
दृष्ट्वा द्रोणं छाद्यमानं तैर्भास्करमिवाम्बुदैः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
mahadbhairavamāsīnnaḥ saṁnivṛtteṣu pāṇḍuṣu ,
dṛṣṭvā droṇaṁ chādyamānaṁ tairbhāskaramivāmbudaiḥ.

1. saṃjaya uvāca mahat bhairavam āsīt naḥ saṃnivṛtteṣu pāṇḍuṣu
dṛṣṭvā droṇam chādyamānam taiḥ bhāskaram iva ambudaiḥ

1. saṃjaya uvāca pāṇḍuṣu saṃnivṛtteṣu taiḥ ambudaiḥ bhāskaram
iva droṇam chādyamānam dṛṣṭvā naḥ mahat bhairavam āsīt

1. Sanjaya said: When the Pāṇḍavas had retreated, a great and terrifying (bhairava) event occurred for us, seeing Droṇa being obscured by them, just as the sun (bhāskara) is obscured by clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (narrator) (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• महत् (mahat) - a great (event) (great, large, mighty)

• भैरवम् (bhairavam) - a terrifying (event) (terrible, dreadful, alarming)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• नः (naḥ) - for us (Kauravas) (us, to us, our)

• संनिवृत्तेषु (saṁnivṛtteṣu) - when (they) had completely retreated (having completely retreated, having returned (locative plural))

• पाण्डुषु (pāṇḍuṣu) - when the Pāṇḍavas (among the Pāṇḍavas, in the Pāṇḍavas (locative plural))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa (the guru and warrior) (Droṇa (accusative singular))

• छाद्यमानम् (chādyamānam) - being obscured (being covered, being obscured (accusative masculine singular))

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Pāṇḍavas) (by them (instrumental masculine/neuter plural))

• भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun (bhāskara) (the sun, sun (accusative singular))

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• अम्बुदैः (ambudaiḥ) - by clouds (by clouds (instrumental masculine plural))

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (narrator) (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - victory; a proper name (Sañjaya)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

महत् (mahat) - a great (event) (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with 'bhairavam'

भैरवम् (bhairavam) - a terrifying (event) (terrible, dreadful, alarming)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhairava

bhairava - terrible, dreadful, alarming; Shiva in his terrible form

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'a terrible event/thing'.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

नः (naḥ) - for us (Kauravas) (us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Here in the dative sense 'for us'.

संनिवृत्तेषु (saṁnivṛtteṣu) - when (they) had completely retreated (having completely retreated, having returned (locative plural))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of saṃnivṛtta

saṁnivṛtta - completely returned, retreated, turned back

Past Passive Participle

sam + ni + vṛt (to turn) + kta (passive participle)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'pāṇḍuṣu'.

पाण्डुषु (pāṇḍuṣu) - when the Pāṇḍavas (among the Pāṇḍavas, in the Pāṇḍavas (locative plural))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king); pale white

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'saṃnivṛtteṣu'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

root dṛś + tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa (the guru and warrior) (Droṇa (accusative singular))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a teacher/warrior); a measure of grain; a bucket

छाद्यमानम् (chādyamānam) - being obscured (being covered, being obscured (accusative masculine singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of chādyamāna

chādyamāna - being covered, being concealed, being obscured

Present Passive Participle

root chad (to cover) + ya (passive marker) + śānac (present participle, middle/passive)

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇam'

तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Pāṇḍavas) (by them (instrumental masculine/neuter plural))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun (bhāskara) (the sun, sun (accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun; fire; gold

bhās (light) + kara (making)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, splendor, luster
  noun (feminine)
• kara – making, doing; hand; ray of light
  noun (masculine)
  root kṛ (to do, make) + a (suffix)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अम्बुदैः (ambudaiḥ) - by clouds (by clouds (instrumental masculine plural))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ambuda

ambuda - cloud (giver of water); rain-cloud

ambus (water) + da (giving)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ambus+da)

• ambus – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing; giver
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  root dā (to give) + a (suffix)
  Root: dā (class 3)