महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-24, verse-12

अथान्यद्धनुरादाय सैन्धवः कृतहस्तवत् ।
विव्याध क्षत्रधर्माणं रणे सर्वायसैः शरैः ॥१२॥

12. athānyaddhanurādāya saindhavaḥ kṛtahastavat ,
vivyādha kṣatradharmāṇaṁ raṇe sarvāyasaiḥ śaraiḥ.

12. atha anyat dhanuḥ ādāya saindhavaḥ kṛtahastavat
vivyādha kṣatradharmāṇam raṇe sarvāyasaiḥ śaraiḥ

12. atha saindhavaḥ kṛtahastavat anyat dhanuḥ ādāya
raṇe kṣatradharmāṇam sarvāyasaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha

12. Then, the Sindhu prince, Jayadratha, skillfully taking up another bow, pierced Kṣatradharmā in battle with arrows made entirely of iron.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now, next

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having grasped

• सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha, the Sindhu prince (the Sindhu prince)

• कृतहस्तवत् (kṛtahastavat) - like one who has practiced, skillfully, dexterously

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• क्षत्रधर्माणम् (kṣatradharmāṇam) - Kṣatradharmā

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• सर्वायसैः (sarvāyasaiḥ) - with all-iron, with completely iron

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now, next

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction indicating sequence.

अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - another, other, different

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arch

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having grasped

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'dā' with prefix 'ā' and suffix -ya

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Implies a preceding action.

सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Jayadratha, the Sindhu prince (the Sindhu prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to or born in Sindhu; a king of Sindhu; Jayadratha

Patronymic or derivative from Sindhu

Note: Subject of the verb 'vivyādha'.

कृतहस्तवत् (kṛtahastavat) - like one who has practiced, skillfully, dexterously

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'kṛtahasta' (Bahuvrīhi compound 'made-hand') with suffix -vat (meaning 'like')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+hasta)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix -ta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• hasta – hand, arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'vivyādha'.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'vyadh'

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

क्षत्रधर्माणम् (kṣatradharmāṇam) - Kṣatradharmā

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - one whose natural law (dharma) is that of a kṣatriya (warrior); a warrior following kṣatriya dharma; a proper name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – rule, dominion, power; a member of the warrior class
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location of the action.

सर्वायसैः (sarvāyasaiḥ) - with all-iron, with completely iron

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvāyasa

sarvāyasa - made entirely of iron, all-iron

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (sarva+ayasa)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• ayasa – iron, made of iron
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'ayas' (iron)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Instrument of the action 'vivyādha'.