महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-170, verse-34

येन ब्रह्मास्त्रविदुषा पाञ्चालाः सत्यजिन्मुखाः ।
कुर्वाणा मज्जये यत्नं समूला विनिपातिताः ॥३४॥

34. yena brahmāstraviduṣā pāñcālāḥ satyajinmukhāḥ ,
kurvāṇā majjaye yatnaṁ samūlā vinipātitāḥ.

34. yena brahmāstraviduṣā pāñcālāḥ satyajinmukhāḥ
kurvāṇāḥ majjaye yatnam samūlāḥ vinipātitāḥ

34. yena brahmāstraviduṣā satyajinmukhāḥ pāñcālāḥ
majjaye yatnam kurvāṇāḥ samūlāḥ vinipātitāḥ

34. By whom (Aśvatthāmā), who was knowledgeable in the `brahmāstra`, the Pāñcālas, led by Satyajit, while making an effort for his destruction, were completely annihilated, root and all.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• ब्रह्मास्त्रविदुषा (brahmāstraviduṣā) - by Aśvatthāmā, who knew the `brahmāstra` (by the knower of the `brahmāstra`)

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (people from Panchala country)

• सत्यजिन्मुखाः (satyajinmukhāḥ) - led by Satyajit, with Satyajit as the chief

• कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - making an effort (doing, making, performing)

• मज्जये (majjaye) - for his destruction (referring to Aśvatthāmā) (for sinking, for destruction)

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, endeavor

• समूलाः (samūlāḥ) - completely, utterly (with roots, root and all, completely)

• विनिपातिताः (vinipātitāḥ) - utterly destroyed, thrown down, killed

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ya

ya - which, who

ब्रह्मास्त्रविदुषा (brahmāstraviduṣā) - by Aśvatthāmā, who knew the `brahmāstra` (by the knower of the `brahmāstra`)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahmāstravid

brahmāstravid - knower of the `brahmāstra`

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (brahmāstra+vid)

• brahmāstra – the weapon of Brahmā, a divine weapon
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, learned
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun derived from root 'vid'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas (people from Panchala country)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - an inhabitant of the Pañcāla country, the Pañcāla people

सत्यजिन्मुखाः (satyajinmukhāḥ) - led by Satyajit, with Satyajit as the chief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satyajinmukha

satyajinmukha - having Satyajit as the foremost/chief

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (satyajit+mukha)

• satyajit – Satyajit (a proper name, 'truth-victor')
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, foremost
  noun (neuter)

कुर्वाणाः (kurvāṇāḥ) - making an effort (doing, making, performing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kurvāṇa

kurvāṇa - doing, making, performing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with the śānac suffix, masculine nominative plural.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मज्जये (majjaye) - for his destruction (referring to Aśvatthāmā) (for sinking, for destruction)

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of majjā

majjā - sinking, immersion, marrow

Root: majj (class 6)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, endeavor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

समूलाः (samūlāḥ) - completely, utterly (with roots, root and all, completely)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samūla

samūla - with roots, together with the root

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+mūla)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• mūla – root, origin, base
  noun (neuter)

विनिपातिताः (vinipātitāḥ) - utterly destroyed, thrown down, killed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinipātita

vinipātita - thrown down, felled, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with prefixes vi and ni, and the kta suffix.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: pat (class 1)