महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-170, verse-18

तथापरे द्योतमाना ज्योतींषीवाम्बरेऽमले ।
प्रादुरासन्महीपाल कार्ष्णायसमया गुडाः ॥१८॥

18. tathāpare dyotamānā jyotīṁṣīvāmbare'male ,
prādurāsanmahīpāla kārṣṇāyasamayā guḍāḥ.

18. tathā apare dyotamānāḥ jyotīṃṣi iva ambare
amale prāduḥ āsan mahīpāla kārṣṇāyasamayāḥ guḍāḥ

18. mahīpāla,
tathā apare kārṣṇāyasamayāḥ guḍāḥ amale ambare jyotīṃṣi iva dyotamānāḥ prāduḥ āsan

18. O Protector of the Earth, similarly, other iron balls, shining like celestial bodies in the spotless sky, also appeared.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• अपरे (apare) - other (balls/pellets) (other, second, inferior)

• द्योतमानाः (dyotamānāḥ) - shining (shining, glittering, illuminating)

• ज्योतींषि (jyotīṁṣi) - celestial bodies (lights, luminaries, stars, celestial bodies)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky (in the sky, in the garment)

• अमले (amale) - spotless, clear (spotless, pure, clear)

• प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - to become visible, to appear (forth, manifest, visible)

• आसन् (āsan) - appeared (were, existed, appeared)

• महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O Protector of the Earth, O King

• कार्ष्णायसमयाः (kārṣṇāyasamayāḥ) - made of black iron (made of black iron, iron-like)

• गुडाः (guḍāḥ) - balls (projectiles) (balls, pellets, lumps)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem tad- + suffix -thā.

अपरे (apare) - other (balls/pellets) (other, second, inferior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, second, subsequent, inferior

Note: Refers to additional projectiles, implies 'other [than arrows]'.

द्योतमानाः (dyotamānāḥ) - shining (shining, glittering, illuminating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dyotamāna

dyotamāna - shining, glittering, illuminating

Present Middle Participle

Present middle participle of √dyut (to shine).

Root: dyut (class 1)

ज्योतींषि (jyotīṁṣi) - celestial bodies (lights, luminaries, stars, celestial bodies)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of jyotis

jyotis - light, luster, star, heavenly body

From √jyut (to shine).

Root: jyut (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison with 'guḍāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky (in the sky, in the garment)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, air, garment, cloth

Note: Refers to the location where the shining occurs.

अमले (amale) - spotless, clear (spotless, pure, clear)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of amala

amala - spotless, pure, clean, clear

a- (negation) + mala (dirt, impurity)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mala)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (masculine)

प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - to become visible, to appear (forth, manifest, visible)

(indeclinable)

आसन् (āsan) - appeared (were, existed, appeared)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of as

imperfect tense

3rd person plural imperfect of √as (class 2)

Root: as (class 2)

महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O Protector of the Earth, O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - protector of the earth, king

mahī (earth) + pāla (protector)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From √pāl (to protect)
  Root: pāl (class 10)

कार्ष्णायसमयाः (kārṣṇāyasamayāḥ) - made of black iron (made of black iron, iron-like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kārṣṇāyasamaya

kārṣṇāyasamaya - made of black iron, consisting of iron

From kṛṣṇāyasa (black iron) + mayat suffix (made of).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṛṣṇa+ayasa+maya)

• kṛṣṇa – black, dark, Krishna
  adjective (masculine)
• ayasa – iron, metal
  noun (neuter)
• maya – made of, consisting of
  suffixal adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -maya added to form adjectives indicating material.

गुडाः (guḍāḥ) - balls (projectiles) (balls, pellets, lumps)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guḍa

guḍa - ball, globule, lump, sugar, pellet

From √guḍ (to encompass).

Root: guḍ (class 1)