महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-170, verse-22

वध्यमानास्तथास्त्रेण तेन नारायणेन वै ।
दह्यमानानलेनेव सर्वतोऽभ्यर्दिता रणे ॥२२॥

22. vadhyamānāstathāstreṇa tena nārāyaṇena vai ,
dahyamānānaleneva sarvato'bhyarditā raṇe.

22. vadhyamānāḥ tathā astreṇa tena nārāyaṇena vai
dahyamānāḥ analena iva sarvataḥ abhyarditāḥ raṇe

22. tathā tena nārāyaṇena astreṇa vadhyamānāḥ vai
analena iva dahyamānāḥ sarvataḥ raṇe abhyarditāḥ

22. Thus, being struck down by that Narayana (nārāyaṇa) weapon, and indeed being consumed as if by fire, they were overwhelmed from all sides in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being struck down

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - by the divine weapon (astra) (by the weapon (astra))

• तेन (tena) - by that (weapon) (by that, by him, with that)

• नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by the weapon associated with Narayana (by Narayana, by the weapon of Narayana)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• दह्यमानाः (dahyamānāḥ) - being burnt, being consumed

• अनलेन (analena) - by fire

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, completely

• अभ्यर्दिताः (abhyarditāḥ) - overwhelmed (oppressed, afflicted, overwhelmed, tormented)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

Words meanings and morphology

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slain, being struck down

Present Passive Participle

From root √vadh (causative of √han, to kill) + śānac (māna).

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective describing the state of the Pandava warriors.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - by the divine weapon (astra) (by the weapon (astra))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile (especially one discharged by spells or divine power)

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Agent of 'vadhyamānāḥ'.

तेन (tena) - by that (weapon) (by that, by him, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'astreṇa'.

नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by the weapon associated with Narayana (by Narayana, by the weapon of Narayana)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Vishnu, an ancient sage, belonging to Narayana, descendant of Nara

A patronymic or adjective 'relating to Narayana' used here to denote a specific divine weapon.

Note: Qualifies 'astreṇa' or indicates the source/nature of the weapon.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphatic particle.

दह्यमानाः (dahyamānāḥ) - being burnt, being consumed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - being burnt, being consumed, being tormented

Present Passive Participle

From root √dah (to burn) + śānac (māna).

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

अनलेन (analena) - by fire

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of anala

anala - fire, the god of fire (Agni)

Noun meaning fire.

Note: Agent of 'dahyamānāḥ', used in a simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

Note: Introduces a simile.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, completely

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas to sarva (all).

Note: Modifies 'abhyarditāḥ'.

अभ्यर्दिताः (abhyarditāḥ) - overwhelmed (oppressed, afflicted, overwhelmed, tormented)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhyardita

abhyardita - oppressed, afflicted, tormented, attacked, overwhelmed

Past Passive Participle

From abhi-√ard (to hurt, oppress, torment).

Prefix: abhi

Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, fight, war

From root √raṇ (to rejoice, be glad, also to sound, clatter, implying the din of battle).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Specifies the location of the action.