महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-170, verse-31

येन बालः स सौभद्रो युद्धानामविशारदः ।
समर्थैर्बहुभिः क्रूरैर्घातितो नाभिपालितः ॥३१॥

31. yena bālaḥ sa saubhadro yuddhānāmaviśāradaḥ ,
samarthairbahubhiḥ krūrairghātito nābhipālitaḥ.

31. yena bālaḥ sa saubhadraḥ yuddhānām aviśāradaḥ
samarthaiḥ bahubhiḥ krūraiḥ ghātitaḥ na abhipālitaḥ

31. yena sa bālaḥ aviśāradaḥ yuddhānām saubhadraḥ
bahubhiḥ samarthaiḥ krūraiḥ ghātitaḥ na abhipālitaḥ

31. By whom that young Abhimanyu (Saubhadra), who was unskilled in battles, was killed by many powerful and cruel warriors, without being protected.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• बालः (bālaḥ) - young boy, child

• स (sa) - he, that

• सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadra (son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu))

• युद्धानाम् (yuddhānām) - of battles, of wars

• अविशारदः (aviśāradaḥ) - unskilled, inexperienced

• समर्थैः (samarthaiḥ) - by powerful warriors (by capable ones, by powerful ones)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• क्रूरैः (krūraiḥ) - by cruel warriors (by cruel ones)

• घातितः (ghātitaḥ) - killed, slain

• न (na) - not

• अभिपालितः (abhipālitaḥ) - protected, guarded

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ya

ya - which, who

बालः (bālaḥ) - young boy, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young, immature

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadra (son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadra

patronymic derived from Subhadrā (aṇ suffix)

युद्धानाम् (yuddhānām) - of battles, of wars

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

अविशारदः (aviśāradaḥ) - unskilled, inexperienced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aviśārada

aviśārada - unskilled, inexperienced, ignorant

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+viśārada)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• viśārada – skilled, expert, clever
  adjective (masculine)

समर्थैः (samarthaiḥ) - by powerful warriors (by capable ones, by powerful ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of samartha

samartha - able, capable, powerful, competent

Note: Used substantively here.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

Note: Used substantively here.

क्रूरैः (krūraiḥ) - by cruel warriors (by cruel ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of krūra

krūra - cruel, fierce, harsh

Note: Used substantively here.

घातितः (ghātitaḥ) - killed, slain

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghātita

ghātita - killed, struck, slain

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the causative stem of root han (to strike, kill) with the kta suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभिपालितः (abhipālitaḥ) - protected, guarded

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhipālita

abhipālita - protected, guarded, cherished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pāl (to protect) with prefix abhi and the kta suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pāl (class 10)