महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-79, verse-47

एकस्थौ तु रणे शूरौ दृढे विक्षिप्य कार्मुके ।
मद्रराजरथं क्रुद्धौ छादयामासतुः क्षणात् ॥४७॥

47. ekasthau tu raṇe śūrau dṛḍhe vikṣipya kārmuke ,
madrarājarathaṁ kruddhau chādayāmāsatuḥ kṣaṇāt.

47. ekasthau tu raṇe śūrau dṛḍhe vikṣipya kārmuke
madrarājaratham kruddhau chādayāmāsatuḥ kṣaṇāt

47. tu raṇe ekasthau kruddhau śūrau dṛḍhe kārmuke
vikṣipya madrarājaratham kṣaṇāt chādayāmāsatuḥ

47. But the two heroes (śūrau), standing together (ekasthau) in battle and enraged (kruddhau), having firmly wielded (vikṣipya) their two strong bows (kārmuke), instantly (kṣaṇāt) covered the chariot (ratham) of the Madra king.

Words meanings summery:

• एकस्थौ (ekasthau) - standing in one place, together

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• शूरौ (śūrau) - two heroes, two brave ones

• दृढे (dṛḍhe) - two firm, two strong

• विक्षिप्य (vikṣipya) - having wielded (bows) (having thrown, having cast, having wielded)

• कार्मुके (kārmuke) - two bows

• मद्रराजरथम् (madrarājaratham) - the chariot of the Madra king

• क्रुद्धौ (kruddhau) - two enraged ones, two furious ones

• छादयामासतुः (chādayāmāsatuḥ) - they two covered, concealed

• क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - in a moment, instantly, quickly

Words meanings and morphology

एकस्थौ (ekasthau) - standing in one place, together

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ekastha

ekastha - standing in one place, united, together

From 'eka' (one) and root √sthā (to stand) with kṛt suffix 'a'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+stha)

• eka – one, single, united
  numeral
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the two heroes.

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

From root √raṇ (to rejoice, shout).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place.

शूरौ (śūrau) - two heroes, two brave ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valorous, warrior

Root: śūr

दृढे (dṛḍhe) - two firm, two strong

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, dual of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, hard, solid, resolute

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dṛh (to be firm, consolidate).

Root: dṛh (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying kārmuke.

विक्षिप्य (vikṣipya) - having wielded (bows) (having thrown, having cast, having wielded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix 'vi' and root 'kṣip' (to throw, cast) + suffix -ya.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣip (class 6)

कार्मुके (kārmuke) - two bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow, made of kārmuka wood

From 'kārmuka' (a tree), then suffix '-ka'.

Note: Object of vikṣipya.

मद्रराजरथम् (madrarājaratham) - the chariot of the Madra king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarājaratha

madrarājaratha - chariot of the king of Madra, Madra king's chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja+ratha)

• madra – Madra (name of a country and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of chādayāmāsatuḥ.

क्रुद्धौ (kruddhau) - two enraged ones, two furious ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, furious, angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective to śūrau.

छादयामासतुः (chādayāmāsatuḥ) - they two covered, concealed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect past (lit) of chad

Causative, Perfect Tense

From root 'chad' (to cover) in causative formation, and perfect tense (āmāsa form, dual).

Root: chad (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, dual subject.

क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - in a moment, instantly, quickly

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, short time, leisure

Root: kṣaṇ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage indicating speed.