महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-79, verse-37

स हताश्वे रथे तिष्ठन्राक्षसेन्द्रः प्रतापवान् ।
शक्तिं चिक्षेप वेगेन प्राग्ज्योतिषगजं प्रति ॥३७॥

37. sa hatāśve rathe tiṣṭhanrākṣasendraḥ pratāpavān ,
śaktiṁ cikṣepa vegena prāgjyotiṣagajaṁ prati.

37. saḥ hata-aśve rathe tiṣṭhan rākṣasa-indraḥ pratāpavān
śaktim cikṣepa vegena prāgjyotiṣa-gajam prati

37. hata-aśve rathe tiṣṭhan saḥ pratāpavān rākṣasa-indraḥ
vegena prāgjyotiṣa-gajam prati śaktim cikṣepa

37. Standing in his chariot, whose horses had been slain, the mighty chief of Rakshasas (Hiḍimba) hurled a spear (śakti) with great force towards the elephant of Pragjyotisha (Bhagadatta).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He, the Rakshasa chief Hiḍimba (he, that)

• हत-अश्वे (hata-aśve) - in his chariot, whose horses had been slain (whose horses were slain, having slain horses)

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing

• राक्षस-इन्द्रः (rākṣasa-indraḥ) - Hiḍimba, the Rakshasa chief (chief of Rakshasas, lord of demons)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, valorous, powerful

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - a divine or potent spear (śakti) (spear, power (śakti))

• चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - threw, hurled

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, forcefully

• प्राग्ज्योतिष-गजम् (prāgjyotiṣa-gajam) - Bhagadatta's war elephant (the elephant of Pragjyotisha)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He, the Rakshasa chief Hiḍimba (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हत-अश्वे (hata-aśve) - in his chariot, whose horses had been slain (whose horses were slain, having slain horses)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - one whose horses are slain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – slain, killed, struck
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rathe'.

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhant

tiṣṭhant - standing, existing, remaining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

राक्षस-इन्द्रः (rākṣasa-indraḥ) - Hiḍimba, the Rakshasa chief (chief of Rakshasas, lord of demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of Rakshasas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – a demon, Rakshasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra
  noun (masculine)

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, valorous, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, valorous, mighty

Possessive suffix -vat/mat (matup) added to 'pratāpa' (power, valor).

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - a divine or potent spear (śakti) (spear, power (śakti))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, capability, energy; a spear, dart

चिक्षेप (cikṣepa) - threw, hurled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṣip

Root: kṣip (class 6)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, forcefully

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impulse

प्राग्ज्योतिष-गजम् (prāgjyotiṣa-gajam) - Bhagadatta's war elephant (the elephant of Pragjyotisha)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāgjyotiṣagaja

prāgjyotiṣagaja - the elephant belonging to the king of Pragjyotisha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāgjyotiṣa+gaja)

• prāgjyotiṣa – (king of) Pragjyotisha
  proper noun (masculine)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

प्रति (prati) - towards, against

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case.