महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-79, verse-42

मद्रेश्वरस्तु समरे यमाभ्यां सह संगतः ।
स्वस्रीयौ छादयां चक्रे शरौघैः पाण्डुनन्दनौ ॥४२॥

42. madreśvarastu samare yamābhyāṁ saha saṁgataḥ ,
svasrīyau chādayāṁ cakre śaraughaiḥ pāṇḍunandanau.

42. madreśvaraḥ tu samare yamābhyāṃ saha saṃgataḥ
svasrīyau chādayāṃ cakre śaraughaiḥ pāṇḍunandanau

42. tu madreśvaraḥ samare yamābhyāṃ saha saṃgataḥ
śaraughaiḥ svasrīyau pāṇḍunandanau chādayāṃ cakre

42. But the King of Madras (Madreśvara), having engaged with the two Yamas (Nakula and Sahadeva) in battle, covered his two nephews, the sons of Pāṇḍu, with showers of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रेश्वरः (madreśvaraḥ) - King Śalya (the lord of Madras, the King of Madras)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• यमाभ्यां (yamābhyāṁ) - by/with Nakula and Sahadeva (the twin Pāṇḍavas) (by/with the two Yamas)

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• संगतः (saṁgataḥ) - having met, having approached, engaged

• स्वस्रीयौ (svasrīyau) - Nakula and Sahadeva, who are nephews to Śalya. (the two nephews, sister's sons)

• छादयां (chādayāṁ) - part of a periphrastic perfect verb formation `chādayāṃ cakre` (covered, concealing)

• चक्रे (cakre) - auxiliary verb for `chādayāṃ`, forming a periphrastic perfect 'covered' (made, did, performed)

• शरौघैः (śaraughaiḥ) - with showers of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

• पाण्डुनन्दनौ (pāṇḍunandanau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (the two sons of Pandu)

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रेश्वरः (madreśvaraḥ) - King Śalya (the lord of Madras, the King of Madras)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madreśvara

madreśvara - lord/king of Madra (a country/region)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (madra+īśvara)

• madra – Madra country/people
  proper noun (neuter)
• īśvara – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

यमाभ्यां (yamābhyāṁ) - by/with Nakula and Sahadeva (the twin Pāṇḍavas) (by/with the two Yamas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of yama

yama - Yama (god of death), twin, restraint

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

संगतः (saṁgataḥ) - having met, having approached, engaged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgata

saṁgata - met, joined, assembled, engaged with

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

स्वस्रीयौ (svasrīyau) - Nakula and Sahadeva, who are nephews to Śalya. (the two nephews, sister's sons)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of svasrīya

svasrīya - nephew (sister's son)

छादयां (chādayāṁ) - part of a periphrastic perfect verb formation `chādayāṃ cakre` (covered, concealing)

(indeclinable)

Periphrastic Perfect auxiliary stem

Derived from the causative stem of root 'chad' with the 'ām' suffix.

Root: chad (class 10)

चक्रे (cakre) - auxiliary verb for `chādayāṃ`, forming a periphrastic perfect 'covered' (made, did, performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect (Liṭ) tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शरौघैः (śaraughaiḥ) - with showers of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaraugha

śaraugha - multitude of arrows, shower of arrows

Compound type : Tatpurusha (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, multitude, stream
  noun (masculine)

पाण्डुनन्दनौ (pāṇḍunandanau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (the two sons of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pāṇḍunandana

pāṇḍunandana - son of Pandu, delight of Pandu

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+nandana)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, delight, gladdening
  noun (masculine)