महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-79, verse-12

आवन्त्यौ तु महेष्वासौ महात्मानौ महाबलौ ।
इरावन्तमभिप्रेक्ष्य समेयातां रणोत्कटौ ।
तेषां प्रववृते युद्धं तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम् ॥१२॥

12. āvantyau tu maheṣvāsau mahātmānau mahābalau ,
irāvantamabhiprekṣya sameyātāṁ raṇotkaṭau ,
teṣāṁ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tumulaṁ lomaharṣaṇam.

12. āvantyau tu maheṣvāsau mahātmānau
mahābalau irāvantam abhiprekṣya
sameyātām raṇotkaṭau teṣām
pravavṛte yuddham tumulam lomaharṣaṇam

12. tu āvantyau maheṣvāsau mahātmānau
mahābalau raṇotkaṭau irāvantam
abhiprekṣya sameyātām teṣām
tumulam lomaharṣaṇam yuddham pravavṛte

12. The two great-archer princes of Avanti, who were mighty-souled and greatly powerful, advanced, eager for battle, when they saw Iravan. A tumultuous, hair-raising battle then ensued among them.

Words meanings summery:

• आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - two princes of Avanti, two from Avanti

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• महेष्वासौ (maheṣvāsau) - two great archers

• महात्मानौ (mahātmānau) - two noble-minded ones, two great-souled ones

• महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two greatly powerful ones

• इरावन्तम् (irāvantam) - Iravan (acc.)

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

• समेयाताम् (sameyātām) - they both came together, they met

• रणोत्कटौ (raṇotkaṭau) - two eager for battle, furious in battle

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - among the combatants (Iravan and the Avanti princes) (of them, among them)

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, ensued

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, violent, fierce

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying

Words meanings and morphology

आवन्त्यौ (āvantyau) - two princes of Avanti, two from Avanti

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āvantya

āvantya - relating to Avanti, a native of Avanti

from avanti + ṇya

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

महेष्वासौ (maheṣvāsau) - two great archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bowman, archer
  noun (masculine)

महात्मानौ (mahātmānau) - two noble-minded ones, two great-souled ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, essence, individual soul
  noun (masculine)

महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two greatly powerful ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahābala

mahābala - greatly powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, might
  noun (neuter)

इरावन्तम् (irāvantam) - Iravan (acc.)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of irāvant

irāvant - Iravan (proper name)

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, after seeing, observing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from abhi + pra + √īkṣ (to see)

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

समेयाताम् (sameyātām) - they both came together, they met

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-i

Imperfect (Laṅ) Middle Voice

dual, 3rd person, middle voice

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: The root 'i' (to go) with 'sam' prefix means 'to come together'.

रणोत्कटौ (raṇotkaṭau) - two eager for battle, furious in battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of raṇotkaṭa

raṇotkaṭa - eager for battle, furious in battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+utkaṭa)

• raṇa – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
• utkaṭa – intense, excessive, furious, eager
  adjective

तेषाम् (teṣām) - among the combatants (Iravan and the Avanti princes) (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Avanti princes and Iravan.

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, ensued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of pra-vṛt

Perfect (Liṭ) Middle Voice

3rd person, singular, middle voice

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: 'yuddham' is the subject.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

from √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, violent, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, violent, fierce

Note: Modifies 'yuddham'.

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, causing horripilation, thrilling, terrifying

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair, body hair
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing thrill/excitement/erection (of hair)
  noun (neuter)
  causative nominalization
  from √hṛṣ (to be excited)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'yuddham'.