महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-79, verse-46

हताश्वात्तु रथात्तूर्णमवप्लुत्य महारथः ।
आरुरोह ततो यानं भ्रातुरेव यशस्विनः ॥४६॥

46. hatāśvāttu rathāttūrṇamavaplutya mahārathaḥ ,
āruroha tato yānaṁ bhrātureva yaśasvinaḥ.

46. hatāśvāt tu rathāt tūrṇam avaplutya mahārathaḥ
ārūroha tataḥ yānam bhrātuḥ eva yaśasvinaḥ

46. tu hatāśvāt rathāt tūrṇam avaplutya mahārathaḥ
tataḥ eva yaśasvinaḥ bhrātuḥ yānam ārūroha

46. But the great warrior (mahāratha), having quickly dismounted (avaplutya) from his chariot (ratha) whose horses were slain, then ascended (ārūroha) the vehicle (yāna) of his glorious brother.

Words meanings summery:

• हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - from the chariot whose horses were slain (from the one whose horses are slain)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having jumped down, dismounted

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, great charioteer

• आरूरोह (ārūroha) - he ascended, climbed

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• यानम् (yānam) - vehicle, conveyance, chariot

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• यशस्विनः (yaśasvinaḥ) - of the glorious, famous

Words meanings and morphology

हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - from the chariot whose horses were slain (from the one whose horses are slain)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - having slain horses, whose horses are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – slain, killed, destroyed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to ratha (chariot).

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Governed by avaplutya.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tūrṇa

tūrṇa - quick, swift, hurried, rapid

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tur (to hasten). Used adverbially here.

Root: tur (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular form.

अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having jumped down, dismounted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix 'ava' and root 'plu' (to float, to jump) + suffix -ya.

Prefix: ava

Root: plu (class 1)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, great charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot, great charioteer, great warrior (capable of fighting ten thousand warriors)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior (in chariot)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

आरूरोह (ārūroha) - he ascended, climbed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of ā-ruh

Perfect Tense

From prefix 'ā' and root 'ruh' (to grow, to ascend), perfect tense.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverbial form of 'tad'.

यानम् (yānam) - vehicle, conveyance, chariot

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yāna

yāna - going, moving, vehicle, chariot, journey

From root √yā (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Object of ārūroha.

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Possessive for yānam.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

यशस्विनः (yaśasvinaḥ) - of the glorious, famous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, illustrious, renowned

From 'yaśas' (fame, glory) + possessive suffix '-vin'.

Note: Adjective modifying bhrātuḥ.