महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-139, verse-52

विद्यावृद्धा वयोवृद्धाः क्षत्रियाः क्षत्रियर्षभ ।
वृथामृत्युं न कुर्वीरंस्त्वत्कृते मधुसूदन ॥५२॥

52. vidyāvṛddhā vayovṛddhāḥ kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyarṣabha ,
vṛthāmṛtyuṁ na kurvīraṁstvatkṛte madhusūdana.

52. vidyāvṛddhāḥ vayovṛddhāḥ kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyarṣabha
vṛthā mṛtyum na kurvīran tvatkṛte madhusūdana

52. kṣatriyarṣabha madhusūdana vidyāvṛddhāḥ vayovṛddhāḥ
kṣatriyāḥ tvatkṛte vṛthā mṛtyum na kurvīran

52. O best among kṣatriyas, O Madhusūdana, kṣatriyas who are venerable in knowledge and advanced in age should not incur a useless death because of you.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्यावृद्धाः (vidyāvṛddhāḥ) - aged in knowledge, venerable in learning

• वयोवृद्धाः (vayovṛddhāḥ) - aged in years, elderly

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriyas, warriors

• क्षत्रियर्षभ (kṣatriyarṣabha) - O Kṛṣṇa, best among kṣatriyas (O best among kṣatriyas, O bull among warriors)

• वृथा (vṛthā) - uselessly, in vain, for nothing

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

• न (na) - not

• कुर्वीरन् (kurvīran) - (with na) they should not incur (they should do, they should incur)

• त्वत्कृते (tvatkṛte) - for your sake, because of you

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Madhusūdana (a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

विद्यावृद्धाः (vidyāvṛddhāḥ) - aged in knowledge, venerable in learning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidyāvṛddha

vidyāvṛddha - old/advanced in knowledge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidyā+vṛddha)

• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
• vṛddha – grown, old, aged, experienced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

वयोवृद्धाः (vayovṛddhāḥ) - aged in years, elderly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vayovṛddha

vayovṛddha - old/advanced in age

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vayas+vṛddha)

• vayas – age, time of life
  noun (neuter)
• vṛddha – grown, old, aged, experienced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriyas, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class

क्षत्रियर्षभ (kṣatriyarṣabha) - O Kṛṣṇa, best among kṣatriyas (O best among kṣatriyas, O bull among warriors)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣatriyarṣabha

kṣatriyarṣabha - foremost of kṣatriyas, best of warriors

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatriya+ṛṣabha)

• kṣatriya – a member of the warrior or ruling class
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

वृथा (vṛthā) - uselessly, in vain, for nothing

(indeclinable)

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death

Root: mṛ (class 6)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कुर्वीरन् (kurvīran) - (with na) they should not incur (they should do, they should incur)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

त्वत्कृते (tvatkṛte) - for your sake, because of you

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvat+kṛta)

• tvat – from you
  pronoun
  ablative singular of 'yūṣmad'
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Often used as a postposition 'for the sake of'.

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Kṛṣṇa (O Madhusūdana (a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu (an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)