महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-139, verse-45

यदब्रुवमहं कृष्ण कटुकानि स्म पाण्डवान् ।
प्रियार्थं धार्तराष्ट्रस्य तेन तप्येऽद्य कर्मणा ॥४५॥

45. yadabruvamahaṁ kṛṣṇa kaṭukāni sma pāṇḍavān ,
priyārthaṁ dhārtarāṣṭrasya tena tapye'dya karmaṇā.

45. yat abruvam aham kṛṣṇa kaṭukāni sma pāṇḍavān
priyārtham dhārtarāṣṭrasya tena tapye adya karmaṇā

45. kṛṣṇa,
yat kaṭukāni aham dhārtarāṣṭrasya priyārtham pāṇḍavān abruvam sma,
tena karmaṇā adya tapye

45. O Kṛṣṇa, I am tormented today by that very action (karma) – the harsh words I spoke to the Pāṇḍavas for the sake of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - what (referring to the harsh words) (which, what)

• अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I said, I spoke

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa (vocative, addressing the deity) (Kṛṣṇa)

• कटुकानि (kaṭukāni) - harsh (words) (harsh, bitter)

• स्म (sma) - emphasizes the past action of speaking (indeed, particle indicating past tense)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - to the Pāṇḍavas

• प्रियार्थम् (priyārtham) - for the pleasure or benefit of (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son) (for the sake of pleasure, for the benefit of)

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana, the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son)

• तेन (tena) - by that (deed/action) (by that)

• तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I am tormented

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by the action (karma), by the deed

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - what (referring to the harsh words) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I said, I spoke

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 1st person singular, active voice (derived from root vac)

Root: vac (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa (vocative, addressing the deity) (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - black, dark; the deity Kṛṣṇa

कटुकानि (kaṭukāni) - harsh (words) (harsh, bitter)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kaṭuka

kaṭuka - bitter, harsh, pungent, sharp

स्म (sma) - emphasizes the past action of speaking (indeed, particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - to the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, especially the five Pāṇḍava brothers

प्रियार्थम् (priyārtham) - for the pleasure or benefit of (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son) (for the sake of pleasure, for the benefit of)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+artha)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana, the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - a descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, particularly Duryodhana

तेन (tena) - by that (deed/action) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I am tormented

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap

Present tense, 1st person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: tap (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by the action (karma), by the deed

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)